Sector
Retail & Consumer Goods
Shops, e-commerce, consumer products, wholesale and distribution.
Start here
See all 16Packaging producer compliance journey
If you put packaged goods on the UK market — EPR fees are being invoiced now
Start a retail business - compliance essentials
Consumer law, pricing, age-restricted sales and product safety from day one
Retail compliance quick check
The established-operator self-audit
Meet FCA rules for Buy Now Pay Later
If you offer instalment credit at the point of sale
Respond to a Trading Standards investigation
Contacted by Trading Standards? Start here
Who regulates you
See all 45Local Authority (opens in a new tab)
Local councils enforce food safety (via Environmental Health Officers), issue alcohol licences, grant planning permission, and regulate certain business activities at local level. Responsibilities …
Enforces 28 Acts this sector relies on.
Trading Standards (opens in a new tab)
Enforces consumer protection legislation including food labelling, weights and measures, product safety, and fair trading. Part of local authority structure. Investigates food labelling breaches.
Enforces 27 Acts this sector relies on.
Environment Agency (opens in a new tab)
Environmental protection in England. Regulates waste, emissions, water quality, flood risk, and environmental permits for industrial activities. Enforces environmental law and issues permits for …
Enforces 15 Acts this sector relies on.
HMRC (opens in a new tab)
Tax collection, customs duties, national insurance, tax credits, and enforcement of the National Minimum Wage. Regulates all UK businesses for tax compliance including Corporation …
Enforces 15 Acts this sector relies on.
OPSS (opens in a new tab)
Product safety regulator responsible for ensuring consumer products are safe. Enforces product safety regulations, UKCA marking requirements, and works with market surveillance authorities. Part …
Enforces 15 Acts this sector relies on.
HSE (opens in a new tab)
Workplace health, safety, and welfare regulation across all industries. Enforces the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and related regulations. Investigates serious incidents …
Enforces 14 Acts this sector relies on.
Key legislation
See all 161General rules
Common requirements that apply across industries. Conditions such as employing people or operating premises are shown only after they are known.
Meet your business waste duty of care
Every business that produces, stores or disposes of waste has a duty of care under section 34 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990, and stays responsible after it hands the waste on. Use only registered waste carriers, complete waste transfer notes correctly, and follow the stricter rules for hazardous waste.
Applies across industries.
General ruleFile your confirmation statement
File a confirmation statement every 12 months, within 14 days after your review period ends. Filing late is a criminal offence for the company and its officers.
Applies across industries.
General ruleVerify your identity for Companies House as a director or PSC
Yes, if you are an individual director or PSC of a UK company, or an individual director of an overseas company registered in the UK. Corporate directors and officers of corporate PSCs are not yet required to verify. The transition for existing directors and PSCs ends on 17 November 2026.
Applies across industries.
General ruleCheck if you need to register for VAT
You must register for VAT when your taxable turnover passes the registration threshold in any rolling 12 months, or when you expect it to pass the threshold within the next 30 days alone. Under the first test, register within 30 days of the end of the month. Late registration brings penalties and backdated VAT.
Applies across industries.
All guidance for retail & consumer goods
Tax & Finance
8
Offer Buy Now Pay Later at your checkout
You do not need FCA permission to offer Buy Now Pay Later at your checkout through a lender. Since 15 July 2026 the lender must be authorised and carries the FCA duties, but other credit you offer at checkout can still need a credit broking permission.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
Use a VAT retail scheme
If you sell mainly to the public at more than one VAT rate and cannot issue a VAT invoice for every sale, a retail scheme lets you calculate VAT from your total takings. Sales to VAT-registered businesses still need a VAT invoice.
Applies if you sell goods to ordinary consumers
Tax and trading status for selling on Vinted, eBay or Etsy
Selling your own used things is usually tax-free, and a platform report to HMRC is not a tax bill. If you buy or make things to sell, you are likely to be trading and must register for Self Assessment when your total gross trading income from all trades and platforms exceeds £1,000 in a tax year.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Section 75 claims and connected lender liability
If a customer pays by credit card or other linked credit for a single item costing more than £100 and up to £30,000, the lender is jointly liable with the supplier for any misrepresentation or breach of contract. Section 75 does not cover debit cards, charge cards or buy now pay later.
Applies if you lend money or let customers pay over time under a credit agreement
Handle early settlement and withdrawal requests
Consumers can repay a regulated credit agreement early at any time, and you must send a settlement statement within 7 working days of a request. Separately, they can withdraw from most agreements within 14 days without giving a reason.
Applies if you lend money or let customers pay over time under a credit agreement
Vaping Products Duty
From 1 October 2026, excise duty is charged on all vaping liquid made in or imported into the UK, whether or not it contains nicotine. You need HMRC approval before you produce vaping products or hold them in duty suspension, and every product must carry a duty stamp by 1 April 2027.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
Hire purchase and conditional sale agreements
Under hire purchase and conditional sale, the finance company owns the goods until the customer has paid everything. Once a customer has paid one-third of the total, the goods are protected and you cannot repossess them without a court order.
Applies if you lend money or let customers pay over time under a credit agreement
Comply with credit advertising rules
Every consumer credit advert must meet FCA rules. If it mentions an interest rate, including 0%, a payment amount, the number of payments or the cost of credit, you must also show the representative APR and other set information. Buy Now Pay Later is covered from 15 July 2026.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Compliance & Legal
8
Prevent underage sales in your shop
Selling alcohol, vapes, tobacco, knives and other restricted goods to someone below the legal age is a criminal offence, and the seller is the one prosecuted. Check the age of anyone who looks young, accept only valid photo ID, and keep records and trained staff so you can show you took reasonable care.
Applies if you sell age-restricted goods to customers face to face
Environmental obligations for retailers
Which environmental rules apply to your shop depends on its size, what you sell and where you trade. They can include WEEE registration for electrical goods you import or make, packaging extended producer responsibility, the carrier bag charge, England's ban on some single-use plastics, and separate workplace recycling.
Applies if you sell goods to ordinary consumers
Data protection for retail businesses
Retailers handle personal data every day, from delivery addresses to CCTV footage and loyalty records, so UK GDPR and the Data Protection Act 2018 apply. Pay the data protection fee, publish a privacy notice, get opt-in consent before marketing emails or texts, and run CCTV with signs and a retention policy.
Applies if you sell goods or provide services to individuals for their personal use
Health and safety for retail premises
If you employ anyone in a shop, you must assess the risks they face, from lone working and violence to manual handling and screen work, and record the findings if you have 5 or more employees. Staff working alone need check-ins, alarms and safe cash-handling procedures.
Applies if you sell goods to ordinary consumers
Run a petrol station or forecourt
To store and dispense petrol you need a petroleum storage certificate from your petroleum enforcement authority, and you must manage fire and explosion risks under health and safety law. You must also report fuel prices to the Fuel Finder scheme within 30 minutes of any change.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Using 'was' prices and countdown timers in a sale
Yes, if the higher price is one you genuinely charged recently. Fake countdown timers and false 'ends tonight' claims are banned, and the CMA can fine you directly.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Wholesale licences for controlled and excise goods
You must be approved under the Alcohol Wholesaler Registration Scheme before you sell alcohol wholesale, and trading without the right authorisation carries criminal sanctions. Medicines wholesalers need a Wholesale Dealer's Licence, and tobacco wholesalers must join track-and-trace.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Sell firearms, shotguns and air weapons
Dealing in firearms, shotguns or ammunition by way of trade requires registration as a firearms dealer with the police, a transaction register, secure premises, and certificate checks on every sale. Air weapons need a certificate check for Scottish buyers, and realistic imitation firearms carry their own restrictions.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Show 21 more
Get a street trading licence
In England and Wales you need your council's licence or consent to sell from a stall, van or pitch on a street, but only where the council has adopted the Schedule 4 street trading rules and designated that street. Trading without authority is an offence with a fine of up to £1,000.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
How doing business in Northern Ireland differs from Great Britain
Northern Ireland has its own laws and regulators for employment, equality, planning, health and safety and more, so GB businesses cannot assume the same rules apply. Employers with 11 or more staff there must also register with the Equality Commission and monitor their workforce.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
Apply for a premises licence
You need a premises licence from your council to sell alcohol, serve hot food or drink between 11pm and 5am, or put on regulated entertainment in England or Wales. Your operating schedule must show how you will promote the four licensing objectives, and consultation takes at least 28 days.
Applies if you sell or serve alcohol from your premises, or if you put on entertainment for an audience - live or recorded music, plays, dance, films or indoor sport
Appoint and manage a Designated Premises Supervisor
Every premises licence authorising alcohol sales must name a Designated Premises Supervisor (DPS). Learn about the DPS role, how to appoint one, and when you can apply for an exemption.
Applies if you sell or serve alcohol from your premises
Licence reviews and enforcement action
How premises licence reviews work, who can trigger them, what happens at a hearing, possible outcomes including suspension and revocation, and your right of appeal.
Applies if you sell or serve alcohol from your premises, or if you put on entertainment for an audience - live or recorded music, plays, dance, films or indoor sport
Responsible alcohol retailing
Checklist of mandatory conditions and best practices for responsible alcohol retailing — Challenge 25, refusal logs, staff training, irresponsible promotions ban, and more.
Applies if you sell or serve alcohol from your premises
Transfer a premises licence to a new owner
When you buy or take over licensed premises in England or Wales, you can transfer the existing premises licence into your name instead of applying for a new one, keeping its conditions and hours. You need the current holder's written consent, and you can ask for the transfer to take immediate effect.
Applies if you sell or serve alcohol from your premises, or if you put on entertainment for an audience - live or recorded music, plays, dance, films or indoor sport
Vary your premises licence
How to apply for full and minor variations to your existing premises licence — change hours, layout, activities, or conditions.
Applies if you sell or serve alcohol from your premises, or if you put on entertainment for an audience - live or recorded music, plays, dance, films or indoor sport
Minimum unit pricing compliance for alcohol retailers
How to calculate and apply minimum unit pricing for alcohol sales in Scotland, including enforcement and penalties.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
Get approved and pay duty as an alcohol producer
You must be approved by HMRC under the Alcohol Production Approval Scheme before you produce any alcohol, and then file monthly duty returns. Selling to other businesses needs AWRS approval, and selling on site needs a premises licence.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Alcohol licensing in Northern Ireland
How alcohol licensing works in Northern Ireland — court-granted licences, 5-year renewal, 13 licence categories, permitted hours, and the role of PSNI.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Alcohol licensing in Scotland
How alcohol licensing works in Scotland under the Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005 — five licensing objectives, Licensing Boards, premises and personal licences, occasional licences, overprovision, and minimum unit pricing.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Premises licence (alcohol)
To sell or supply alcohol in England or Wales, you need a premises licence from your council's licensing authority, and a Designated Premises Supervisor who holds a personal licence. The same licence can also cover regulated entertainment and hot food or drink served between 11pm and 5am.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Meet the HFSS promotion and placement rules
If your business has 50 or more employees and sells prepacked food in England, you cannot place less healthy food at checkouts, store entrances or aisle ends, or sell it on multibuy or 'free' offers. Restaurants are outside the placement and multibuy rules but cannot offer free refills of sugary drinks.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Biocides and Pesticides Authorisation
Get HSE CRD authorisation for biocidal and pesticidal products.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Get a personal licence to sell alcohol in Scotland
How to obtain a Scottish personal licence under the Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005, including the SCPLH qualification, Disclosure Scotland check, application process, fees, renewal, and refresher training requirements.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Late night refreshment licence
If you supply hot food or hot drink to the public between 11pm and 5am, including from takeaways, delivery services and mobile vans, you need authorisation under the Licensing Act 2003. It usually comes as part of a premises licence, which you can get for late night refreshment alone.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
CLP Chemical Classification and Labelling
Classify, label and package hazardous chemicals under GB CLP.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Alcohol licensing requirements
How to obtain a premises licence to sell alcohol in England and Wales, including application process, fees, designated premises supervisor requirements, and licensing objectives.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Register as an alcohol wholesaler (AWRS)
If you sell alcohol to other businesses, you must register under the Alcohol Wholesaler Registration Scheme (AWRS) with HMRC. Learn who needs to register, how to apply, and due diligence obligations.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
EV Charging Infrastructure
Install EV chargepoints and access government grants.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Premises & Operations
4
Take on a short-term space for a pop-up shop
Before you trade from a pop-up in England, get a written agreement that settles whether you hold a lease or a licence and who pays business rates. Check your use fits the unit's planning class, and carry out a fire risk assessment if you control the space.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Deposit return points for drinks retailers
From 1 October 2027, supermarkets, grocers, convenience stores and newsagents in England and Northern Ireland must charge a 20p deposit on in-scope drinks and, unless exempt, run a return point. Apply to register with Exchange for Change before then; pubs and cafes charge the deposit on takeaway drinks only.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Separate your business recycling and food waste in Scotland
Every business in Scotland must take reasonable steps to have glass, metals, plastics, paper and card collected separately from general waste. Most food businesses must separate food waste too, and outside rural areas food waste must be kept out of drains and sewers.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Martyn's Law for pubs, shops and venues
Martyn's Law applies to your pub, shop or venue only if you can reasonably expect 200 or more people there at the same time, staff included. The duties have not started and no start date has been set; the Security Industry Authority will enforce them.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Environment & Sustainability
8
Run a hand car wash or mobile valeting business
England has no car wash licence, but a fixed site may need planning permission if opening it is a material change of use. You need your water company's consent before wash water reaches a sewer, and you must pay the minimum wage and check the right to work of everyone who works for you.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Store oil on your premises in Scotland
If you store oil at a business in Scotland, you must follow one of SEPA's general binding rules, and breaching it is a criminal offence. Most business storage falls under rule 28, which requires a sound container, secondary containment of 110% and overfill prevention.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Register as a waste carrier and move special waste in Scotland
If your business carries waste in Scotland, even its own, you must register with SEPA before you move it. Hazardous waste is called special waste in Scotland, and every load must travel on a consignment note that carries a SEPA code, with the paperwork kept for inspection.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Register as a waste carrier and move hazardous waste in Northern Ireland
To carry or broker waste in Northern Ireland you must register with the Northern Ireland Environment Agency, even if you already hold a Great Britain registration. Hazardous waste must travel on a consignment note with an NIEA code, and most movements must be pre-notified.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Packaging waste producer responsibilities
If your business has a turnover of more than £1 million and handles more than 25 tonnes of packaging a year, you must register and report packaging data under Extended Producer Responsibility. Large producers, with £2 million turnover and more than 50 tonnes, also pay disposal fees and meet recycling obligations.
Applies if your goods reach customers in packaging that you supply, brand or import
Get a water discharge permit
If your business discharges effluent, waste water or contaminated run-off into rivers, the sea or the ground, you need an environmental permit; discharging without one can mean up to 5 years in prison and an unlimited fine. Discharges to a public sewer need trade effluent consent from your water company instead.
Applies if you release liquid effluent or waste water into a river, the sea or the ground
Trade effluent consent for discharging to sewers
If your business discharges liquid waste other than domestic sewage into a public sewer, you need trade effluent consent from your sewerage company. Discharging without it is a criminal offence under the Water Industry Act 1991, with an unlimited fine.
Applies if you put process liquids, washwater or other non-household effluent down the drain into the public sewer
Apply for a water abstraction licence
If you take more than 20 cubic metres of water a day from a river, stream, borehole or other natural source, you need an abstraction licence; abstracting without one is a criminal offence. Start early with a pre-application enquiry, because the regulator must check your abstraction won't harm the water body.
Applies if you take water from a river, borehole, spring or well rather than the mains
Sector-Specific
8
Get the specialist licences your shop needs
Most shops need no special licence. Selling fireworks outside the traditional periods, buying scrap metal, selling animals as pets, trading on the street and, in some nations, selling tobacco, vapes or nicotine products each need a licence or registration before you start.
Applies to some businesses in this sector – open the guide to check
Display selling and unit prices correctly
If you sell goods to consumers in Great Britain, in a shop or online, you must show the selling price including VAT near each product, in sterling and clearly legible. Larger shops and bulk sales also need a unit price. Trading Standards enforce the Price Marking Order, and a breach is a criminal offence.
Applies if you sell goods to ordinary consumers
Sell knives and bladed articles lawfully
It is a criminal offence to sell a knife, blade, axe or other sharp-pointed article made to injure to anyone under 18, in a shop, at a market or online. Some weapons cannot be sold to anyone, and online sellers face extra conditions. A due diligence defence needs evidence.
Applies if you sell age-restricted goods to customers face to face
Sell safe products with the right conformity marking
You must only supply consumer products that are safe in normal or reasonably foreseeable use. Check your suppliers, keep safety records, act on safety concerns and recall unsafe products. Some products also need a UKCA or CE marking before you can sell them in Great Britain.
Applies if you make, import or supply finished goods that end up in consumers' hands
Consumer rights compliance for traders
When you sell to consumers, goods must be of satisfactory quality, fit for purpose and as described, and you cannot contract out of this. A consumer can reject faulty goods for a full refund within 30 days; after that, you must repair or replace them first.
Applies if you sell goods to ordinary consumers
Sell goods by weight or measure
If you sell goods by weight, volume or length, you must use metric units, weigh with equipment passed as fit for trade use, and label packaged goods with an accurate quantity. Packing to the average system means testing samples against the three packers' rules and keeping the records.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
Ensure product safety compliance for retailers
As a retailer, you must sell only safe products, even if you did not make them. Vet suppliers and get their test certificates, check conformity marking and labelling, keep traceability records, and if a product proves unsafe, stop selling it, report it and tell customers.
Applies if you make, import or supply finished goods that end up in consumers' hands
Subscription and auto-renewal compliance
The Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 brings new rules for subscriptions and auto-renewing contracts: clear information before signing, renewal reminders, easy cancellation and cooling-off periods. The rules are not yet in force, with commencement expected in spring 2027, but systems may need changing well before then.
Applies if you sell subscriptions to consumers, especially ones that renew automatically
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Avoiding unfair terms in consumer contracts
Part 2 of the Consumer Rights Act 2015 controls which terms in consumer contracts are enforceable. Many traders unwittingly use terms that a court or the CMA would find unfair - and those terms are void even if the consumer signed them.
Applies if you sell goods or provide services to individuals for their personal use
Handle consumer complaints about faulty goods
A customer who returns faulty goods within 30 days is entitled to a full refund, not a repair. After that they choose a repair or replacement, and for 6 months from delivery you must assume the goods were faulty when sold.
Applies if you sell goods to ordinary consumers
Equality and accessibility for retail businesses
The Equality Act 2010 bars retailers from discriminating against customers because of a protected characteristic, including through rules that apply to everyone but disadvantage some groups. Your duty to make reasonable adjustments for disabled customers is anticipatory, so remove barriers in stores, policies and websites before anyone meets them.
Applies if you sell goods to ordinary consumers
Handle customer complaints and disputes
Set up an effective complaint handling process and understand your obligations around Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). Since 6 April 2026 you must tell a complaining consumer what ADR is available, and ADR providers must be accredited.
Applies if you sell goods or provide services to individuals for their personal use
Rules for selling vapes, nicotine pouches and tobacco from 29 October 2026
From 29 October 2026 it is an offence to sell vapes or nicotine products to anyone under 18, including nicotine-free vapes and nicotine pouches. From 1 January 2027 you must not sell tobacco to anyone born on or after 1 January 2009.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
What to expect when trading standards visits your shop
A routine inspection needs written notice at least 2 working days ahead, but a test purchase or an officer watching you trade needs none. Obstructing an officer is an offence.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Sell vehicle parts and accessories
It is an offence to supply a vehicle part that could not be fitted without making the vehicle unsafe or unlawful on the road, if you have reason to believe it is for fitting. If you sell portable batteries or electrical accessories, you must also take back customers' waste ones.
Applies if you sell or distribute replacement vehicle parts into the aftermarket
Follow the Sunday trading rules
In England and Wales a shop with a relevant floor area over 280 square metres may open on Sunday for only six continuous hours between 10am and 6pm, and never on Easter Sunday or Christmas Day. Opening outside those hours is an offence carrying an unlimited fine.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Information you must give customers when selling online
Before a customer orders, you must show who you are, the total price, delivery charges and their right to cancel, then send a confirmation afterwards. Selling through a marketplace does not pass these duties to the platform.
Applies if you sell or provide services at a distance - online, by phone or by mail order
Rules for vehicle dealers
Selling cars, vans or motorcycles brings duties beyond ordinary consumer law: you must not mislead buyers about a vehicle's history, you must display fuel and CO2 information on new cars, and if you arrange finance or sell add-on insurance you must be authorised by the FCA. Dealers who import or first-register vehicles also have type-approval duties.
Applies to some businesses in this sector – open the guide to check
Run a vehicle repair garage or MOT station
Repairing and servicing vehicles is not licensed in itself, but MOT testing is: only DVSA-approved stations with authorised testers may carry it out. Garages also have specific duties around air-conditioning refrigerant (F-gas) and the hazardous waste they generate. MOT testing works differently in Northern Ireland, where it is run by the state.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Wholesale distributor product-safety duties
As a distributor — rather than the manufacturer — your product-safety duties are lighter but real: act with due care so the goods you supply are safe, verify conformity marking and documentation, keep records to trace supply, and act on unsafe products. Specific product categories (chemicals, electrical goods, machinery, construction products, textiles, furniture, precious metals) add their own checks.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Run an MOT testing station
As an MOT Authorised Examiner, you must charge no more than the maximum test fees, keep testing equipment calibrated, make sure your testers complete their annual training and assessment, and run regular quality control checks. DVSA inspects stations and gives disciplinary points for failures, which can lead to suspension or loss of authorisation.
Applies to some businesses in this sector – open the guide to check
Sell general sale medicines in your shop
You can sell general sale list medicines without a pharmacy if you occupy premises you can close to exclude the public and sell them in their unopened original packs. Painkillers have set pack size limits, and breaking the rules is an offence with a fine of up to £1,000.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Plant passports for selling plants and seeds online
Usually yes, if you sell plants or listed seeds as a business online, by phone or by post, even to a home gardener. Selling in person to the public needs no passport.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
Toy safety compliance in Great Britain
If you make, import or sell toys in Great Britain, they must meet the essential safety requirements of the Toys (Safety) Regulations 2011, including limits on small parts and chemicals. Grade each toy for age, add the required warnings and apply UKCA or CE marking; breaches are criminal offences.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
Prepare for CMA enforcement action
If the CMA or Trading Standards contacts you about a possible consumer law breach, get specialist legal advice at once. Since 6 April 2025, the CMA can fine businesses up to 10% of worldwide turnover or £300,000, whichever is higher, without going to court.
Applies if you sell goods or provide services to individuals for their personal use
Consumer rights compliance for service providers
Every service you provide to consumers must be carried out with reasonable care and skill, and anything you tell them about yourself or the service becomes part of the contract. If the service falls short, you must repeat it or, if that is impossible, reduce the price.
Applies if you sell goods or provide services to individuals for their personal use
Electrical product safety compliance
If you make, import or sell electrical equipment rated between 50V and 1,000V AC or 75V and 1,500V DC for Great Britain, it must meet the Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations 2016. Keep technical documentation, issue a declaration of conformity and apply UKCA or CE marking.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
CLP labelling for candles and wax melts
Yes, once a sensitiser in the fragrance oil reaches its limit, you need a CLP hazard label or a short allergy statement. If no sensitiser reaches a limit, you must still check the finished product for other hazards before concluding that no CLP label is needed.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Sell homemade soap and skincare
Soap and skincare you make at home are cosmetic products, with no exemption for small makers. Before your first sale you need a Responsible Person, a signed safety report and, in Great Britain, an SCPN notification. Northern Ireland uses the EU CPNP system instead.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Hallmarking rules for jewellery
Usually yes: silver you sell as silver needs a UK hallmark unless the piece is light enough to be exempt. You must also display the Dealer's Notice and keep nickel, cadmium and lead within the legal limits.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Feed, animal transport and animal by-products in Scotland
What a Scottish feed merchant, livestock haulier, dealer, abattoir supplier or farm must do to register as a feed business with Food Standards Scotland, get a transporter authorisation for animal journeys, and collect and dispose of animal by-products and fallen stock. Scotland has its own regulations and its own enforcers for each.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Run a vehicle dismantler or salvage business
To depollute and scrap end-of-life vehicles you need an environmental permit and Authorised Treatment Facility status, because only an ATF can issue a Certificate of Destruction. To trade in scrap metal or salvage you also need a scrap metal dealer licence from your local authority.
Applies if you dismantle or salvage vehicles for parts or scrap, including treating end-of-life vehicles
Selling energy drinks to under-16s
Yes, for now: no law in England sets a minimum age to buy energy drinks. The government plans to ban sales to under-16s from April 2027, but it has not made the rules yet.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Distance and off-premises selling requirements
When you sell to consumers online, by phone or at their home, you must give them set information before they buy and let them cancel within 14 days for any reason. Since 6 April 2025, the CMA can fine you up to 10% of global turnover for breaches.
Applies if you sell or provide services at a distance - online, by phone or by mail order
Food traceability, withdrawal, and recall
Maintain food traceability records using the one step back, one step forward principle, and follow the correct procedures if you need to withdraw or recall unsafe food.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
Card surcharges, minimum spends and refusing cash
You cannot charge extra for payment by a consumer credit, debit or charge card, but you can refuse cash or set a minimum card spend. Tell customers about any limit before they buy.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Licences for dog boarding, day care and other pet care work
Usually yes in England if you board dogs or cats or run dog day care: you need an animal activity licence from your council. Grooming and dog walking are outside the licensing scheme unless the service amounts to dog day care, but local licences, permits and dog limits can apply.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Gift voucher expiry dates, refunds and VAT
Yes, if the term is fair, plain and shown before the customer buys. You need not give change from a part-used voucher unless your terms promise it.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
MHRA authorisation for medicines and medical devices
Making, distributing or selling medicines or medical devices in the UK needs MHRA authorisation. Medicines need a marketing authorisation for each product, manufacturers a manufacturer's licence and distributors a wholesale dealer licence, while device makers register their devices; since 1 January 2025, authorisations cover the whole UK.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Labelling and safety rules for selling food online
Comply with distance selling rules when selling food online, including providing mandatory food information before purchase, allergen labelling at two points, and maintaining safe delivery temperatures.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Handle animal by-products from your food business
Unsold meat, fish, dairy and egg products become animal by-products once you decide they are not for eating, and catering waste is controlled too. You must keep higher-risk items out of landfill and animal feed, never feed catering waste to farm animals, and move by-products with the right paperwork.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Food business registration
Register your food business with your local authority before starting operations.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Allergen control systems and Natasha's Law
Implement comprehensive allergen management systems and comply with Natasha's Law PPDS labelling requirements.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Register a food business in Wales
Every food business in Wales, from restaurants and market stalls to home bakers and online sellers, must register with its local authority at least 28 days before trading. Registration is free and cannot be refused, but failing to register is a criminal offence. The Food Hygiene (Wales) Regulations 2006 set the rules.
Relevant to a specific activity in this sector.
Assess whether your product meets the general safety requirement
Before you sell a consumer product in Great Britain, assess its foreseeable hazards and record your findings in a signed, dated risk assessment. Keep it for at least 10 years: it is the basis of your due diligence defence if enforcement action is taken.
Applies if you make, import or supply finished goods that end up in consumers' hands
Product standards and CE marking for the Northern Ireland market
Under the Windsor Framework, goods placed on the Northern Ireland market follow EU product rules, so products covered by EU harmonised rules need CE marking; UKCA marking alone is not valid there. Since 13 December 2024, the EU General Product Safety Regulation has also applied in Northern Ireland.
Relevant across several parts of this sector.
All journeys
Start a retail business - compliance essentials
Put the legal basics in place before you open a shop: consumer rights, pricing, weights and measures, product …
Grow your retail business
Scale your retail business - expand online, open new locations, build your team, and manage increased compliance as …
Respond to a Trading Standards investigation
What to do if Trading Standards has contacted you, visited your premises, or conducted a test purchase. Covers …
Retail compliance quick check
Quick compliance check for experienced retailers. Covers consumer rights, price marking, age-restricted sales, and annual compliance obligations.
Set up a wholesale business
A step-by-step path for setting up a wholesale business of any kind — supplying controlled or excise goods, …
Set up a motor trade business
A step-by-step path for setting up a motor trade business of any kind — selling cars and motorcycles …
Open a community pharmacy
Register your pharmacy premises, put a responsible pharmacist in charge whenever you sell medicines, join the NHS pharmaceutical …
Open an optician's practice
Use registered professionals for sight tests, contact lens fitting and the sale of glasses, register your company with …
Sell at markets and craft fairs
Sell from a stall at a market, Christmas market or craft fair. Check who gives permission for your …
Run a pop-up shop
Trade from an empty shop unit or part of someone else's premises for a short period. Check the …
Meet food safety requirements for your business
Register, implement HACCP, and comply with food safety law including allergen requirements
Start a food business for the first time
Everything you need to do before opening a food business. Covers registration, premises, HACCP, training, allergens, labelling, and …
Improve your food hygiene rating
Practical steps to improve a poor food hygiene rating. Understand what inspectors scored, fix the issues, and request …
Food safety quick compliance check
A quick compliance check for food business operators. Covers registration, HACCP, allergens, temperature control, training, and record keeping.
Respond to a food safety incident
Immediate steps when unsafe food is discovered or a customer reports illness. Stop selling, withdraw the product, notify …
Product compliance for manufacturers
Learn how to ensure your products meet UK safety and marking requirements before placing them on the market
Subsectors
SIC 2007 divisions covered by this sector.