UK Act of Parliament 1984 United Kingdom

Building Act 1984

An Act to consolidate certain enactments concerning building and buildings and related matters.

Enforced by
BSR
Status
Amended (in force with amendments)
Penalty ceiling
Imprisonment 12 of 59 obligations carry an unlimited fine. 20 carry different penalties and 27 have no criminal penalty — flagged in the list below.

Does it bind you?

Business-side roles with duties under this instrument.

Any Person32 Trader4 Occupier2 Contractor1 Director or Officer1 Applicant1

Plus 18 duties on the regulator, Crown ministers and public bodies — folded into the section list below.

Other Acts binding the same actors

If a role above is yours, these are the other instruments that most often bind it.

Any Person — also bound by 2340 other Acts
Trader — also bound by 825 other Acts
Occupier — also bound by 235 other Acts
Contractor — also bound by 173 other Acts
Director or Officer — also bound by 429 other Acts
Applicant — also bound by 307 other Acts

What it requires

Sections creating concrete business duties or carrying penalties, grouped as the instrument is structured. Titles link to the source text — blue means you’re leaving for legislation.gov.uk.

Part 1

Building Regulations

15 of 55 sections shown
s.001 Buildings of special historical or architectural interest Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Government must consider preservation of heritage buildings in regulationsCrown / Minister / Government department
s.002 Review of minimum energy performance requirements Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Secretary of State must review minimum energy performance for dwellingsCrown / Minister / Government department
s.003 Exemption of particular classes of buildings etc. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Breach conditions of a building regulations exemptionAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.005 Exemption of public bodies from procedural requirements of building regulations. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
  • Public bodies must comply with all regulations for higher-risk building workContractor
s.007 Compliance or non-compliance with approved documents. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
  • Use Approved Documents to evidence Building Regulations complianceAny Person
s.010 Advertisement of proposal for relaxation of building regulations. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • BSR or Local Authority must advertise building regulation relaxation proposalsStatutory regulator
s.011 Type relaxation of building regulations. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Breach conditions of a building regulation relaxationAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.012 Power of appropriate national authority to approve type of building matter. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
  • Apply for official approval of building materials or methodsApplicant
s.019 Use of short-lived materials. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Use short-lived materials or fail to remove temporary buildingsAny Person

Fine up to £200

s.020 Use of materials unsuitable for permanent building. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Use of unsuitable or temporary materials in constructionAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.023 Provision of facilities for refuse. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Block or obstruct access for waste and refuse removalAny Person

Fine up to £2,500

s.025 Provision of water supply. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Occupying a new house without an approved water supplyAny Person

Fine up to £200

s.035 Compliance notices Imprisonment
  • Fail to comply with a building regulations compliance noticeAny Person
s.035 Stop notices Imprisonment
  • Failure to comply with a building work stop noticeAny Person
40 other sections in this Part — procedural and definitional
s.002 Continuing requirements in relation to fuel, power and emissions
s.002 Optional requirements
s.030 Determination of certain applications by appropriate national authority
s.035 Time limit for prosecution for contravention of ... building regulations
s.035 Compliance and stop notices: supplementary
s.039 Appeals against compliance notices and stop notices etc
s.043 Appeals under sections 20, 39 and 50: England
s.046 Building control authorities: restricted activities and functions
Part 2

REGULATION OF BUILDING CONTROL PROFESSION

8 of 35 sections shown
s.058 Code of conduct Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • BSR must publish a code of conduct for building inspectorsStatutory regulator
s.058 Offences relating to registration Prosecution
  • Performing restricted building inspector activities outside of registrationAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.058 Offence of acting as, or pretending to be, a registered building inspector Prosecution
  • Impersonating a registered building inspectorAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.058 Professional conduct rules Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • BSR must create and publish professional conduct rules for building controlStatutory regulator
s.058 Offence of registered building control approver acting outside scope of registration Prosecution
  • Act outside the scope of building control registrationAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.058 Offence of pretending to be a registered building control approver Prosecution
  • Falsely claiming to be a registered building control approverAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.058 Reporting requirements Prosecution
  • Fail to comply with building control reporting directionAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.058 Information: Wales Prosecution
  • Fail to provide documents or information when required by Welsh MinistersAny Person

Unlimited fine

27 other sections in this Part — procedural and definitional
s.058 “Regulatory authority”
s.058 “Registered building inspector”
s.058 Register of building inspectors
s.058 Application for registration as building inspector
s.058 Variation or cancellation of registration as building inspector
s.058 Registered building inspectors: information notices
s.058 Professional misconduct investigations
s.058 Sanctions for professional misconduct
s.058 Interim suspension for suspected serious professional misconduct
s.058 Suspension orders: further provision
s.058 “Registered building control approver”
s.058 Register of building control approvers
s.058 Application for registration as building control approver
s.058 Variation or cancellation of registration as building control approver
s.058 Registered building control approvers: information notices
s.058 Investigations into contraventions of professional conduct rules
s.058 Sanctions for contravention of professional conduct rules
s.058 Interim suspension for suspected serious contravention
s.058 Delegation of registration functions
s.058 Appeal to Crown Court
s.058 Investigations
s.058 Improvement notice
s.058 Serious contravention notices
s.058 Continuing failure to meet standards: registered building control approvers
s.058 Continuing failure to meet standards: local authorities in England
s.058 Inspections
s.058 Sharing of information between regulatory authorities
Part 2

Supervision of Building Work etc. otherwise than by building control authorities

10 of 27 sections shown
s.047 Giving and acceptance of initial notice. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Local authority must accept or reject initial building notice within set periodLocal authority
s.050 Plans certificates. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
  • Registered building control approver must issue plans certificate when asked and conditions are metTrader
s.051 Final certificates. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
  • Building control approvers must issue a final certificate upon completionTrader
s.052 Cancellation of initial notice. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Fail to cancel a building control initial noticeAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.052 Cancellation of initial notice when work becomes higher-risk building work Prosecution
  • Fail to notify authorities when work becomes higher-risk building workAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.053 New initial notice: change of registered building control approver Regulated
  • Assess and certify unfinished work when changing building control approversTrader
s.053 Consideration of transfer certificate and report Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Local authority must accept or reject building control transfer certificateLocal authority
s.053 Restriction on functions of registered building control approvers Regulated
  • Do not exercise building control functions during transfer transition periodTrader
s.054 Registered building control approvers: restricted activities and functions Prosecution
  • Misuse of restricted building control functions or activitiesAny Person

Unlimited fine

s.056 Recording and furnishing of information. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Local authorities in Wales must maintain a public register of building noticesLocal authority
17 other sections in this Part — procedural and definitional
s.051 Variation of work to which initial notice relates.
s.051 Effect of amendment notice
s.051 Change of person intending to carry out work
s.052 Effect of initial notice ceasing to be in force where work becomes higher-risk building work
s.053 Lapse of initial notice
s.053 Cancellation of initial notice: change of registered building control approver
s.054 Public bodies and higher-risk building work
s.056 Giving information by electronic means: England
s.056 Requirement to keep register: England
s.056 Delegation of functions
Part 3

Other Provisions about Buildings

13 of 34 sections shown
s.060 Use and ventilation of soil pipes. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
  • Use separate pipes for rain-water and sewage and ensure ventilationOccupier
s.062 Disconnection of drain. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Failure to properly seal or notify of drain disconnectionAny Person

Fine up to £200

s.063 Improper construction or repair of water-closet or drain. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Improperly construct or repair a toilet or drainAny Person

Fine up to £200

s.068 Erection of public conveniences. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Obtain consent before building a public toilet accessible from a streetAny Person

Fine up to £200

s.072 Means of escape from fire. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Fail to provide fire escape routes in tall buildingsAny Person

Fine up to £2,500

s.073 Raising of chimney. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Fail to raise chimneys when erecting a taller buildingOccupier

Fine up to £200

s.074 Cellars and rooms below subsoil water level. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Obtain consent before building rooms or cellars below water levelAny Person

Fine up to £200

s.077 Dangerous building. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Fail to comply with a court order regarding a dangerous buildingAny Person

Fine up to £200

s.079 Wales: exercise of powers under sections 77 and 79 in relation to listed buildings, buildings in conservation areas etc. Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Local authorities in Wales must prioritize historic preservation lawsLocal authority
s.080 Notice to local authority of intended demolition. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Start demolition without notifying the local authorityAny Person

Fine up to £2,500

s.082 Notices under section 81. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Fail to give notice before undertaking demolition safety worksAny Person

Fine up to £500

s.085 Maintenance of entrances to courtyards. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Altering courtyard entrances without local authority consentAny Person

Fine up to £200

s.090 Facilities for inspecting local Acts. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Local authorities must provide free public access to local building lawsLocal authority
21 other sections in this Part — procedural and definitional
s.090 Functions under this Part: the regulator etc
Part 4

General

44 of 64 sections shown
s.091 Duties of local authorities and the regulator. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Local authorities and the regulator must enforce building regulationsLocal authority
s.091 Registers to be kept by local authorities and the regulator Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Local authorities and BSR must maintain public registers of building recordsLocal authority
s.091 Cooperation and the sharing of information: Wales Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Welsh local authorities and fire services must cooperate on building safetyLocal authority
s.091 Section 91ZB : supplementary Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Local authorities must review and respond to regulator's noticesLocal authority
s.092 Form of documents. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
  • Use the correct written form for all Building Act documentsAny Person
s.096 Supplementary provisions as to entry. (opens in a new tab) Imprisonment
  • Unlawfully disclose trade secrets or manufacturing processesAny Person
s.099 Content and enforcement of notice requiring works. (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Fail to comply with a notice to carry out building worksAny Person

Fine up to £2,500

s.101 Appeal: refusal to consider application etc on ground is higher-risk building work

amended 3 times

s.104 Local authority or regulator to give effect to appeal. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Regulator or council must implement court or tribunal appeal decisionsStatutory regulator

amended 3 times (opens in a new tab)

s.105 Enforcement of decisions of the First-tier and Upper Tribunal

amended 1 time

s.105 Fees and charges

amended 1 time

s.105 Levy on certain applications for building control approval etc

amended 1 time

s.106 Compensation for damage. (opens in a new tab) Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Local authority must compensate for damage caused during exercise of powersLocal authority

amended 2 times (opens in a new tab)

s.112 Obstruction (opens in a new tab) Prosecution
  • Obstruction of a building inspector or officerAny Person

Fine up to £1,000 · amended 3 times (opens in a new tab)

s.112 Liability of officers of body corporate etc Imprisonment
  • Personal liability for directors and officers for building safety breachesDirector or Officer

2 years imprisonment · amended 3 times

s.120 Regulations

amended 4 times

s.120 Proposals and consultation relating to regulations made by the Secretary of State

amended 4 times

s.120 Consultation relating to regulations made by the Welsh Ministers Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Welsh Ministers must consult before making new building-related regulationsCrown / Minister / Government department

amended 4 times

s.120 Meaning of “higher-risk building”: England

amended 4 times

s.120 Regulations under section 120D : procedure Regulated
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • Secretary of State must consult before defining higher-risk buildingsCrown / Minister / Government department

amended 4 times

s.120 Regulations under section 120D : additional procedure in certain cases

amended 4 times

s.120 Recommendations about regulations under section 120D

amended 4 times

s.120 Advice about regulations under section 120D

amended 4 times

s.120 Higher-risk buildings and higher-risk building work: Wales

amended 4 times

s.121 Meaning of “building control authority”

amended 2 times

20 other sections in this Part — procedural and definitional
s.091 The regulator: building control authority for higher-risk buildings in England
s.091 The regulator: building control authority for other work
s.091 Higher-risk buildings in Wales: local authority work
s.094 Electronic service of documents
s.125 Meaning of work
Part 5

Supplementary

1 of 4 sections shown
Schedules

Schedules

0 of 77 shown
77 other schedules
s.sch001 Building regulations may— (a) provide for particular requirements of the...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may make supplementary, incidental, transitional, transitory or...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may repeal or modify—
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may make provision about the procedure that...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may in particular make provision for and...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may in particular make provision for and...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may, in relation to any work, make...
s.sch001 (1) This paragraph applies where building regulations made by virtue...
s.sch001 (1) Where building regulations provide that any document must or...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may make provision for and in connection...
s.sch001 Building regulations may provide that any prescribed period for the...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may make provision for and in connection...
s.sch001 Building regulations may include provision as to—
s.sch001 Building regulations may provide for requiring local authorities and approved...
s.sch001 Building regulations may— (a) authorise local authorities to accept, as...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may— (a) provide for requiring that, in...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may provide that in relation to any...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may authorise local authorities to charge prescribed...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may require prescribed appointments to be made...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may, for the purpose of facilitating compliance...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may, in relation to any work, impose...
s.sch001 Building regulations may make a prescribed person or class of...
s.sch001 Without prejudice to the generality of section 1(1) of this...
s.sch001 (1) Building regulations may be made with respect to—
s.sch001 Building regulations may authorise local authorities, subject to and in...
s.sch002 This Schedule applies to a direction under section 8 of...
s.sch002 Neither the appropriate national authority nor a building control authority...
s.sch002 (1) Subject to the following provisions of this Schedule, after...
s.sch002 Paragraph 3(1), (3) and (4) above do not apply to...
s.sch002 The giving of a direction to which this Schedule applies...
s.sch002 If, before the giving of a direction to which this...
s.sch003 Application to inner London.
s.sch003 Byelaws about demolition.
s.sch003 Restriction of application of Part IV of Act.
s.sch003 Application of provisions by building regulations.
s.sch003 Repeal and modification of Acts.
s.sch003 Consultation.
s.sch003 Application to inner London.
s.sch003 Application to Temples.
s.sch003 Drainage of new building.
s.sch004 (1) A public body’s notice comes into force when it...
s.sch004 (1) Sub-paragraph (2) applies where— (a) a public body’s notice...
s.sch004 (1) This paragraph applies where a public body’s notice ceases...
s.sch004 (1) Where a local authority cancels a public body’s notice,...
s.sch004 (1) Where a public body— (a) is satisfied that plans...
s.sch004 (1) Where a public body is satisfied that any work...
s.sch004 (1) This paragraph applies where a public body’s notice ceases...
s.sch004 (1) This paragraph applies where— (a) on any day (“...
s.sch004 Building regulations may make provision for requiring, in such circumstances...
s.sch005 After the date on which section 30 of this Act...
s.sch005 Any power that is exercisable by virtue of—
s.sch005 (1) Section 64(5) of the Act of 1936, in so...
s.sch005 Without prejudice to the power to make building regulations, the...
s.sch006 In paragraph 9(5) of Part II of Schedule 11 to...
s.sch006 In section 9(6) of the Offices, Shops and Railway Premises...
s.sch006 In section 2(4) of the Faculty Jurisdiction Measure 1964—
s.sch006 For section 30(3)(a) and (b) of the Fire Precautions Act...
s.sch006 In section 181(2)(a) of the Local Government Act 1972, for...
s.sch006 In section 9(1)(c) of the Safety of Sports Grounds Act...
s.sch006 In section 1(1)(a) of the Local Land Charges Act 1975,...
s.sch006 In section 12(3) of the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act...
s.sch006 In Schedule 1 to the Interpretation Act 1978, in the...
s.sch006 In section 6(1) of the Public Health Act 1936, after...
s.sch006 In section 168(1)(b) of the Highways Act 1980, for “section...
s.sch006 In section 223(1)(a) of that Act, for “section 66 of...
s.sch006 There is added at the end of section 7(4) of...
s.sch006 In section 269(8)(i) of that Act, for “the building byelaws...
s.sch006 In section 5(5) of the Atomic Energy Authority Act 1954,...
s.sch006 In section 17(15) of the Public Health Act 1961 (as...
s.sch006 In paragraph 19 of Part I of Schedule 11 to...

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Duty extraction and severity labels are Guvnor’s analysis of the instrument, not the instrument itself. Always verify against the linked source text.