The Welfare of Animals at the Time of Killing (England) Regulations 2015
At a glance
What's here
96 compliance obligations, 1 practical guide
Who this Act binds
Business-side actors with duties under this Act, ranked by how often they appear.
- Operator 47
- Any Person 38
- Applicant 3
- Landlord 1
- Director or Officer 1
Plus 6 non-business duties on Crown ministers, regulators, local authorities or tribunals — shown collapsed under each section below.
Relevant guidance
Practical guides for businesses affected by this Act, ordered by how closely they engage with it.
Supporting — topic alignment
1 guidesOther Acts binding the same actors
For each actor bound by this Act, the other UK Acts that bind them most often. Useful for understanding the full compliance landscape facing each role.
Operators also bound by 730 other Acts (top 5 shown)
- Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 (Air Operations) 2012 138 duties
- Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2066 of 19 December 2018 on the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and amending Commission Regulation (EU) No 601/2012 (Text with EEA relevance) 2018 121 duties
- Commission Regulation (EU) No 601/2012 of 21 June 2012 on the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance) (repealed) 2012 112 duties
- Space Industry Regulations 2021 2021 75 duties
- Regulation (EU) 2016/429 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on transmissible animal diseases and amending and repealing certain acts in the area of animal health (‘Animal Health Law’) (Text with EEA relevance) 2016 66 duties
Any Person also bound by 2338 other Acts (top 5 shown)
- Human Medicines Regulations 2012 2012 169 duties
- Merchant Shipping Act 1995 1995 144 duties
- Insolvency (England and Wales) Rules 2016 2016 101 duties
- Road Traffic Act 1988 1988 95 duties
- Air Navigation Order 2016 2016 95 duties
Applicants also bound by 294 other Acts (top 5 shown)
- Insolvency (England and Wales) Rules 2016 2016 46 duties
- Human Medicines Regulations 2012 2012 30 duties
- The Land Registration Rules 2003 2003 25 duties
- Value Added Tax Regulations 1995 1995 18 duties
- Space Industry Regulations 2021 2021 14 duties
Landlords also bound by 216 other Acts (top 5 shown)
- Renting Homes (Wales) Act 2016 2016 74 duties
- Housing Act 1985 1985 53 duties
- Housing Act 1996 1996 30 duties
- The Service Charges (Consultation Requirements) (England) Regulations 2003 2003 27 duties
- The Service Charges (Consultation Requirements) (Wales) Regulations 2004 2004 26 duties
Directors and Officers also bound by 425 other Acts (top 5 shown)
- Insolvency (England and Wales) Rules 2016 2016 161 duties
- Companies Act 2006 2006 108 duties
- Insolvency Act 1986 1986 72 duties
- The Large and Medium-sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 2008 55 duties
- The Housing Administration (England and Wales) Rules 2018 2018 26 duties
What this Act requires
Sections that create concrete duties on businesses or carry penalties. Procedural and definitional sections are folded into the “Browse other sections” expander at the bottom of each group. Click any section title to read the source text on legislation.gov.uk.
Part 1
Browse 4 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
Citation, extent, application and commencement
Expiry
Interpretation
The competent authority
Part 2
Requirement for a certificate or temporary certificate
- Hold a valid certificate before carrying out regulated killing operations Any Person
Certificates
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
- Competent authority must grant certificate if conditions met Statutory regulator
Conditions for a certificate
- Meet age, training and disclosure conditions for a killing certificate Applicant
Temporary certificates
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
- Competent authority must grant temporary certificates to qualifying applicants Statutory regulator
Conditions for a temporary certificate
- Meet eligibility and disclosure conditions for a temporary certificate Applicant
Requirement for a licence
- Hold a registered licence before carrying out licensed animal killing operations Any Person
Licences
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
- Licensing authority must grant and register your licence if you meet the conditions Local authority
Conditions for a licence
- Meet licence conditions to kill animals commercially Applicant
Modification of a certificate or licence
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
- Competent authority must modify certificate or licence when validly requested Crown / Minister / Government department
Fees
- Pay fees to FSA and Secretary of State for licence applications and veterinary assessments Any Person
Browse 10 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
Operations which require a certificate or temporary certificate
Grant of certificates and temporary certificates
Operations which require a licence
Exceptions to the requirement for a licence
Grant of licences
Refusal to grant a certificate, temporary certificate or licence
Suspension or revocation of a certificate, temporary certificate or licence
Refusal to modify a certificate or licence
Appeals
WASK licences
Part 3
Browse 4 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
Additional requirements for slaughterhouses
Additional requirements for killing animals other than in slaughterhouses
Additional requirements for killing animals in accordance with religious rites
Killing animals other than those to which the
Part 4
Depopulation operations
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
- Competent authority must publish written notice of depopulation derogation decisions Crown / Minister / Government department
Part 5
Offences: general
- Fail to comply with animal welfare at killing regulations Any Person
Obstruction offences
- Obstruct an animal welfare inspector Any Person
Offences by bodies corporate
- Commit offence through consent, connivance or neglect as a director/manager Director or Officer
Penalties
- Breach animal welfare at killing rules or obstruct an inspector Any Person
Part 6
Enforcement notices
- Comply with enforcement notices served by an inspector Any Person
Browse 7 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
Inspectors
Power to enter premises
Warrants
Power to inspect and seize
Appeals against enforcement notices
Power of local authority to prosecute
Time limit for prosecutions
Part 7
Review
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
- Secretary of State must review these Regulations and publish a report every 5 years Crown / Minister / Government department
Browse 5 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
Notices
Consequential and supplementary amendments and revocation
Transitional provision: certificates
Transitional provision: slaughterhouses (layout, construction and equipment)
Revocations
Schedules
General requirements
- Protect animals from adverse weather and ensure proper handling during lairaging Operator
Inspection of animals
- Inspect every animal's health every morning and evening Operator
Animals which have experienced pain or suffering and unweaned animals
- Kill immediately animals that suffered in transit or are unweaned Operator
Animals delivered other than in containers
- Handle animals humanely during movement and lairaging at killing sites Operator
The driving of animals
- Do not lead or drive animals over unsafe ground that may cause slipping or falling Any Person
Moving animals with care
- Move animals with care and lead individually when necessary Operator
Instruments for guiding animals
- Use animal guiding instruments only for guiding and only briefly Operator
Lairaging of animals
- Provide food to lairaged animals without unnecessary disturbance Operator
General requirement
- Restrain animals appropriately before stunning or killing Any Person
Restraining bovine animals
- Use a working stunning or restraining pen when stunning or killing adult cattle Any Person
Shackle lines
- Operate shackle lines safely and at appropriate speed for poultry welfare Any Person
Restraining operations
- Position animals correctly for accurate stunning or killing equipment Operator
General requirements
- Use stunning and killing equipment to ensure rapid, effective stunning Operator
Penetrative captive bolt
- Use penetrative captive bolt devices correctly when stunning animals Any Person
Electrical stunning other than by waterbath
- Ensure safe electrical stunning of animals before slaughter Any Person
Electrical stunning by waterbath
- Ensure waterbath stunning of poultry meets welfare standards Any Person
Exposure to gas – pigs
- Ensure gas stunning equipment and processes meet welfare standards for pigs Operator
General requirements
- Maintain suitable facilities and equipment for animal welfare at killing Operator
Exposure to gas – poultry
- Ensure gas stunning of poultry meets welfare and equipment standards Operator
Bleeding or pithing
- Bleed or pith simple-stunned animals promptly and completely Any Person
Horses
- Do not kill horses except in a designated area away from other animals Any Person
Animals delivered other than in containers
- Provide suitable unloading equipment for animals delivered loose Operator
Lairages other than field lairages
- Provide adequate lairage facilities at your slaughterhouse Operator
Field lairages
- Maintain safe field lairages with adequate feeding equipment Operator
Shackle lines
- Ensure ready access to poultry shackle lines and equipment controls Operator
Stunning pens
- Ensure stunning pens for cattle are properly constructed Operator
Facilities for horses
- Provide separate horse killing facilities and safe loose boxes Operator
Facilities for horses
- Provide safe horse-killing facilities at knacker's yards Operator
General requirements
- Ensure proper handling, shelter and separation of animals before killing Operator
Inspection of animals
- Inspect animals every morning and evening Operator
Animals which have experienced pain or suffering and unweaned animals
- Kill injured or unweaned animals immediately on arrival Operator
Emergency killing
- Do not drag animals unable to walk — kill in place or use a trolley Operator
Animals delivered other than in containers
- Handle animals humanely when delivered without containers Operator
The lifting or dragging of animals
- Do not lift or drag animals in a way that causes unnecessary pain Any Person
The driving of animals
- Do not drive animals over ground that could cause them to slip or fall Any Person
Moving animals with care
- Move animals with care and lead them individually when necessary Operator
Instruments to guide animals
- Use animal guiding instruments only for guiding and only briefly Operator
Instruments to make animals move
- Restrict use of electric shock instruments to move animals Any Person
Treatment of animals
- Do not strike, kick, or injure animals during handling Any Person
Lairaging of animals
- Ensure adequate lairage conditions for animals before killing Operator
Handling of animals delivered in containers
- Handle animal delivery containers with care during loading and unloading Operator
Killing of animals delivered in containers
- Kill animals delivered in containers promptly and provide food/water if delayed Operator
Poultry awaiting killing at place of purchase
- House and provide food and water to poultry awaiting killing at your premises Operator
General requirement
- Restrain animals before stunning or killing them Any Person
Restraining bovine animals
- Secure adult bovine animals before stunning in a knacker's yard Any Person
Electric currents
- Do not use electric currents to restrain, immobilise or move animals Any Person
Shackle lines
- Operate poultry shackle lines safely and at appropriate speeds Any Person
Restraining operations
- Position animals correctly for head-applied stunning or killing equipment Operator
General requirements
- Ensure stunning and killing equipment achieves rapid and effective results Operator
Penetrative captive bolt
- Follow correct procedures when using penetrative captive bolt stunners Any Person
Electrical stunning other than by waterbath
- Ensure electrical stunning equipment and technique meet animal welfare standards Any Person
Electrical stunning by waterbath
- Meet safety and welfare standards when using a waterbath stunner for poultry Any Person
General requirements
- Provide safe animal handling and stunning facilities at places of killing Operator
Exposure to gas – pigs
- Ensure gas stunning equipment for pigs meets welfare standards Operator
Exposure to gas – poultry
- Ensure safe gas stunning equipment and procedures for poultry Operator
Bleeding or pithing
- Bleed or pith animals without delay after simple stunning and follow procedure rules Any Person
Horses
- Do not kill horses in a knacker's yard except in a designated area Any Person
Surplus chicks in hatchery waste
- Only kill surplus chicks under 72 hours using approved methods Any Person
Animals delivered other than in containers
- Provide safe unloading equipment and passageways for animals Operator
Lairages other than field lairages
- Provide and maintain suitable lairage facilities for animals Operator
Field lairages
- Maintain field lairages with shelter, lighting, and feeding facilities Operator
Shackle lines
- Ensure shackle lines for poultry are safely designed and accessible Operator
Stunning pens
- Ensure stunning pens for cattle meet construction standards Operator
General prohibition
- Do not kill animals for religious rites without prior stunning Any Person
Restraint of adult bovine animals
- Do not kill adult cattle without stunning unless using an approved restraint pen Any Person
Use and maintenance of restraining pens
- Use, maintain and re-approve bovine restraining pens Operator
Method of killing
- Use correct knife method and inspect knife before religious slaughter without stunning Any Person
Handling of sheep, goats and bovine animals during killing
- Ensure safe handling of animals during religious slaughter without stunning Operator
Method of killing
- Ensure correct method and equipment when killing birds under religious rites without stunning Any Person
Handling birds during killing
- Wait minimum time before dressing birds after religious slaughter Operator
Humane killing
- Prevent avoidable suffering and ensure competency when killing animals Any Person
Poultry, rabbits or hares bled for private domestic consumption
- Stun poultry, rabbits or hares before bleeding for private consumption Landlord
Animals delivered other than in containers
- Ensure safe infrastructure for animals delivered to your premises Operator
Lairages other than field lairages
- Ensure lairages have safe floors, ventilation, lighting and drinking facilities Operator
Field lairages
- Ensure field lairages have shelter, lighting and drinking facilities Operator
Shackle lines
- Ensure shackle lines at poultry slaughterhouses are safe and accessible Operator
Electrical stunning other than by waterbath
- Ensure electrical stunning equipment has timing and voltage/current indicators Any Person
Electrical stunning by waterbath
- Ensure waterbath stunners meet equipment standards before use Any Person
Exposure to gas
- Ensure gas stunning equipment for pigs and poultry is safe and monitored Any Person
Browse 27 other Schedules — structural / supplementary
Interpretation
Scope
Suspending poultry
Non-penetrative captive bolt
Percussive blow to the head
Interpretation
Scope
Tying legs
Exemptions
Suspending animals
Non-penetrative captive bolt
Percussive blow to the head
Exposure to gas – prohibition
Interpretation
Supplementary
Membership
Interpretation
Scope
Exemptions
Firearms Act 1968
Slaughterhouses Act 1974
Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986
The Meat (Official Controls Charges) (England) Regulations 2009
The Gangmasters Licensing (Exclusions) Regulations 2013
The Welfare of Animals at the Time of Killing (Consequential Amendments) (Wales) Regulations 2014
Operations in a slaughterhouse immediately before 1st January 2013
Simplified procedure for persons who have three years’ professional experience
Official guidance
Authoritative sources published by regulators or government explaining this legislation.
- FSA: applying for approval of a meat establishment (opens in a new tab) from FSA Detailed Guidance
- Animal by-products: categories, approval, hygiene and disposal (opens in a new tab) from DEFRA Detailed Guidance
- Food Standards Scotland (opens in a new tab) Detailed Guidance
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