Air Navigation Order 2016
What this means for your business
- Applies to
- United Kingdom
- On this page
- 142 compliance obligations, 2 practical guides
What you must do
142 compliance obligations under this legislation — 2 can result in imprisonment.
Risk assessment 4
Check route navigation aids and aerodrome suitability before public‑transport flights
If you run a UK‑registered aircraft that carries passengers for hire, you must make sure, before each flight, that the radio and navigation aids on the planned route (and any diversion) are adequate and that the airports you intend to use – including alternates – are fit for purpose, properly staffed and equipped. You do not have to check post‑accident services such as fire‑fighting or rescue.
Obtain and keep a valid medical certificate for your UK aviation licence
If you hold or are applying for a UK aviation licence, you must submit to a medical examination approved by the CAA whenever the CAA asks you to. The approved examiner will decide if you meet the medical standards and, if so, issue a medical certificate that becomes part of your licence and remains valid for the period shown on the certificate.
Only recommend airworthiness certificate after a proper review
If you run an approved aeroplane or rotor‑craft maintenance organisation, you may only recommend that a national airworthiness review certificate be issued for an aircraft (up to 2 730 kg and not a commercial air‑transport type) after you have carried out, and are satisfied with, an airworthiness review. You must be sure the aircraft meets the required standards before making any recommendation.
Verify licences and competence of all air traffic controllers
If your business holds an air‑traffic‑control approval, you must not let anyone work as a controller or trainee controller unless they have a valid licence and you are satisfied they are competent. In practice this means checking licences and carrying out a competence assessment before anyone starts work.
Equipment and safety 11
Carry required equipment on UK‑registered aircraft before flight
If you operate an aircraft registered in the UK, you must have all equipment that the Air Navigation Order requires (under articles 77 or 119) on board and in working order before you start a flight. You may only fly without that equipment if you have a specific permission from the CAA for the particular circumstances.
Ensure appropriate survival equipment is on board before each flight
If you are the pilot in command of a UK‑registered aircraft, you must check before take‑off that the aircraft carries any extra survival gear needed for the people on board. You must consider the flight’s circumstances – for example the chance of ditching and available rescue services – and decide whether all occupants need to wear life‑jackets.
Equip, mark, maintain aircraft and provide passenger safety notices
If you run a public‑transport aircraft registered in the UK, you must make sure the aircraft carries all equipment required by Schedule 6, that the equipment is CAA‑approved, correctly installed and kept in good condition, clearly marked for emergency use, and that each passenger receives a safety notice showing brace positions, seat‑belt usage, exit locations and where to find life‑jackets, slides, rafts or oxygen masks.
Equip UK‑registered aircraft for Required Navigation Performance (RNP) airspace
Unlimited fineIf you operate an aircraft registered in the UK and want to fly in RNP airspace, you must have approved area‑navigation (RNAV) equipment that can meet the performance required for that airspace. The equipment has to be CAA‑approved, correctly installed, kept in a maintained state, and used according to CAA‑approved procedures. You can only fly without it if ATC explicitly authorises the flight and you follow any ATC instructions.
Equip UK‑registered aircraft with approved and maintained equipment
If you operate a UK‑registered aircraft (apart from public‑transport flights), you must ensure every flight is fitted with equipment that meets UK law, is approved by the CAA, properly installed and clearly marked, and is kept in good working order. The equipment must be easily accessible for use and must never compromise the safety or airworthiness of the aircraft.
Fit aircraft with approved height‑keeping systems for RVSM airspace
If you operate a UK‑registered aircraft and fly in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) airspace, you must have height‑keeping equipment that the CAA has approved. The equipment has to be installed, maintained and used according to CAA‑approved procedures, unless you obtain a specific authorisation from air traffic control.
Fit and maintain CAA‑approved navigation equipment for North Atlantic flights
If your UK‑registered aircraft flies in the North Atlantic Minimum Navigation Performance Specification airspace, you must have navigation systems that meet the required performance. Those systems must be approved, installed, maintained and operated according to CAA procedures, and you need to keep evidence of that compliance.
Fit and operate approved height‑keeping systems in UK RVSM airspace
If you operate an aircraft that is registered outside the UK, you must not fly it in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) airspace over the UK unless the aircraft has the required height‑keeping equipment that meets the law of the country it’s registered in and can maintain the required performance, or you have obtained specific authorisation from ATC. In practice you need to ensure the equipment is fitted, functional and documented before each RVSM flight.
Fit required equipment for water flights over 15 minutes
If your helicopter carries passengers for public transport, you must either have the required safety equipment fitted before you spend more than 15 minutes flying over water, or you must keep any water‑overflight to 15 minutes or less. This rule applies to helicopters operating under a national or police air operator’s certificate.
Keep flight recorders operating during required flight phases
If your aircraft must carry a flight data recorder, cockpit voice recorder or a combined unit, you have to make sure it is switched on and recording for the whole take‑off to landing period (for aeroplanes) or from the moment the rotors start for take‑off until they stop (for helicopters). Put checks in place before each flight and keep the recorder running throughout the flight.
Provide a flight navigator or suitable navigation equipment for long public‑transport flights
If your UK‑registered aircraft is operating a public transport flight and the planned route (or any pre‑planned diversion) is more than 500 nautical miles from the take‑off point, you must either have a qualified flight navigator on the crew or ensure the aircraft carries navigation equipment that is suitable for that distance. The navigator is an additional crew member, not a replacement for other duties.
Inspections 1
Conduct an annual aircraft review
Each year you must carry out a review of every aircraft you operate or manage. The review checks that all scheduled maintenance has been done, any CAA‑mandated modifications or inspections are complete, recorded defects have been dealt with or properly deferred, and the required release‑to‑service certificates are in place. This ensures the aircraft remains airworthy and complies with CAA requirements.
Management duties 73
Arrange airworthiness review to obtain a national review certificate
If you own or operate an aircraft that already has a national certificate of airworthiness but has never received a national airworthiness review certificate, you must have the aircraft examined for airworthiness before it can be used. The review can be done directly by the CAA or by a CAA‑approved continuing airworthiness management organisation (or, for light aircraft, an approved maintenance organisation). Once the review is satisfactory, the CAA will issue the review certificate.
Carry a flight crew adequate for safety and as per the aircraft’s flight manual
If you operate an aircraft that is registered in the United Kingdom, you must make sure it has enough crew members with the right qualifications to keep the flight safe. The crew numbers and roles must meet the minimum set out in the aircraft’s flight manual (or the last manual that existed for the aircraft).
Carry at least two pilots on large public‑transport flights
If you operate a UK‑registered aircraft that weighs more than 5,700 kg and you use it to carry passengers or cargo for hire, you must have a minimum of two qualified pilots on every flight. This means you need to schedule and staff your flights so that two pilots are always on board for such aircraft.
Carry out and document regular airworthiness reviews
You must regularly check that your aircraft is still airworthy. This means reviewing all maintenance records, confirming any airworthiness directives have been complied with, and doing a hands‑on inspection of the aircraft yourself or with qualified engineers. The work cannot be subcontracted and must be finished by the scheduled review date (or up to 90 days early).
Carry sporting weapons or war munitions on aircraft only under strict conditions
Unlimited fineYou may not bring a sporting weapon or any munition of war onto an aircraft unless it is part of a passenger’s baggage or consigned as cargo, stored where passengers cannot reach it, and, for firearms, unloaded. You must give the airline full details before the flight and obtain its written consent.
Carry the required flight crew for foreign‑registered aircraft
Unlimited fineIf you operate an aircraft that is registered outside the United Kingdom, you must make sure it only flies when it has the number and type of crew members that the aircraft’s registration country requires. In practice, check the crew list against those foreign rules before each flight and do not operate the aircraft if the crew is insufficient or incorrect.
Carry two pilots on qualifying public‑transport helicopter flights
If your business operates a UK‑registered helicopter of 5,700 kg maximum take‑off mass or less for public transport, you must have at least two pilots on board when the flight is under instrument rules or at night on a special VFR flight. You can use a single pilot only if the helicopter has a serviceable autopilot approved by the CAA or if you are flying by day, clear of cloud, with the surface in sight.
Carry two pilots on specified public‑transport flights
If your business operates a UK‑registered aeroplane of 5,700 kg or less that carries passengers for hire, you must have at least two pilots on board when the flight is flown under instrument flight rules, unless the aircraft meets certain technical criteria and has an approved autopilot or is operating under a police air operator’s certificate. You need to check the aircraft type, its equipment and any CAA‑approved exemptions and keep appropriate records.
Comply with CAA airworthiness directives before flying
If the CAA issues a directive that requires maintenance, an inspection or a modification on your Part‑21 aircraft, you must keep the aircraft grounded until that work is carried out and the CAA is satisfied. You need to arrange the required work, keep proper records and only resume flying once compliance is confirmed.
Comply with equipment, time and area limits for Performance Class 3 helicopter public‑transport flights
If your business operates a UK‑registered helicopter for public‑transport (Performance Class 3) you must make sure it has CAA‑approved water‑landing equipment, stay within strict flight‑time limits over water, avoid the specified stretch of the River Thames unless equipped, and keep the aircraft under 3,175 kg and carrying no more than nine passengers (if it is a Group A/Category A type). Breaching these limits can lead to enforcement action by the CAA.
Display smoking prohibition notices in all UK‑registered aircraft
If you operate an aircraft registered in the United Kingdom (except Part‑CAT aircraft), you must put up a notice that says smoking is prohibited and make sure it can be seen from every passenger seat. The notice must be displayed whenever the aircraft is in service, so passengers and crew know when they cannot smoke.
Do not allow licence‑holders to fly after failing a required test
If a pilot (or any licence holder) has failed the most recent competency test for the licence they hold, you must not let them operate in that capacity until they pass. This means you need to check test results and keep them off flight duties where the test applies.
Do not display lights that could endanger aircraft
Unlimited fineYou must not use any light in the UK that could blind aircraft taking off or landing, or that could be mistaken for an aeronautical ground light. If the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) tells you to, you must switch the light off or shield it and make sure you do not install any similar dangerous lights in the future.
Do not fly aircraft that have been grounded
If an aircraft has been officially grounded under the Air Navigation Order, you must keep it on the ground until the Civil Aviation Authority (or other authorised body) gives you permission to fly it again. Flying a grounded aircraft without that permission is a breach of the law.
Do not fly aircraft that is not airworthy
If you operate or own an aircraft that has a national airworthiness certificate, you must make sure it meets all airworthiness requirements before any flight. You cannot fly it if its airworthiness is in doubt, it isn’t built to the approved design, it has been used outside its limits, it has been in an accident affecting safety, or it has an unapproved modification or repair.
Do not operate foreign‑registered single‑engine commercial flights at night or in poor weather
If your business runs commercial airline flights with a single‑engine aircraft that is not registered in the UK, you must not fly those flights at night. You also must only operate them when the cloud base is at least 1,000 ft and visibility is at least one nautical mile at the departure aerodrome and the intended landing (or any alternate) aerodrome. Breaching these limits can lead to criminal prosecution.
Ensure aircraft loading complies with legal requirements
When you load a UK‑registered aircraft for a public‑transport flight, you must make sure the loading (including any suspended loads) follows the rules set out in this section. You cannot allow anyone to load the aircraft in any other way.
Ensure aircraft maintenance engineers are licensed and fit to work
If your business carries out aircraft maintenance you must make sure every engineer you employ has a valid CAA‑issued licence (or an approved foreign licence) that is signed, and that the engineer is physically and mentally fit to use it. The licence can last no longer than five years and must be renewed before it expires. If an engineer becomes unfit you must stop them from exercising any licence privileges.
Ensure a qualified pilot is in control before helicopter rotor is powered
6 months imprisonmentIf your company operates helicopters, you must make sure a person who is legally entitled to be the pilot in command is actually at the controls before any rotor is turned under power. You cannot start the engine or spin the rotor unless a qualified pilot is present, so you need procedures to check this each time.
Ensure a valid certificate of release to service before flying Part‑21 aircraft
If your business operates a Part‑21 aircraft (e.g. a newly manufactured or heavily modified airplane), you must have a Certificate of Release to Service (CRS) in force before that aircraft can be flown whenever the aircraft’s maintenance regime (Part M or Part 145) says the CRS is required. In practice you need to check the CRS is issued correctly and is still valid before any flight.
Ensure exits are properly marked on aircraft
If you operate a UK‑registered commercial or public‑transport aeroplane or helicopter, you must make sure every exit is clearly labelled with red “EXIT” or “EMERGENCY EXIT” signs, both inside and out. The signs must include English instructions and diagrams, be painted or permanently affixed, contrast with the background, and be kept clean and unobscured at all times.
Ensure flight instructors hold a valid licence with instructor rating
If you or anyone in your business provides flying instruction for a pilot licence or rating, you must have a valid pilot licence that authorises you to act as pilot‑in‑command for that type of training, and it must include an instructor’s rating. In practice, this means checking that every flight‑training staff member has the correct licence and rating before they start teaching.
Ensure foreign‑country flights are safe and authorised
If you operate or fly a UK‑registered aircraft over another country, you must not use the flight for anything that could harm the security, public order, public health or air‑navigation safety of that country. You also have to follow any directions from that country’s aeronautical authorities when the flight isn’t authorised or is suspected of being used for a prohibited purpose, unless following the direction would endanger the aircraft or its occupants.
Ensure oxygen briefing and use during high‑altitude flights
If you operate an aircraft, you must make sure the pilot in command tells passengers how to use supplemental oxygen when the cabin will climb above 13,000 ft, and that the pilot and any crew members who are essential to flight safety wear oxygen continuously when the cabin altitude is over 10,000 ft for more than 30 minutes or any time it exceeds 13,000 ft. Passengers should also be advised to use oxygen when the cabin altitude is over 13,000 ft.
Ensure passengers are seated and belted before taxi, take‑off and landing
As the pilot in command you must make sure every passenger is in a seat or berth and has their safety belt or restraint correctly fastened before the aircraft taxis, takes off, lands, and whenever you think safety requires it. Failing to do this breaches aviation safety law.
Ensure pilots follow approved departure, approach procedures and minima
Unlimited fineYour airline must make sure that every pilot uses the departure and approach procedures that have been approved by the aviation authority and does not fly below the aerodrome operating minima unless the specific exceptions in the rule apply. This means having clear standard operating procedures, training and monitoring so pilots only deviate when it is safe and authorised.
Ensure safe facilities before allowing flight instruction or testing at non‑licensed aerodromes
If you run an aerodrome that isn’t nationally licensed or certified, you must only allow aircraft used for pilot training or examinations to take off or land if you are reasonably satisfied that your aerodrome has the facilities needed for safety. You cannot rely on the aircraft operator or pilot to make that assessment for you.
Ensure safe planning and execution of every flight you command
Unlimited fineIf you are the pilot in command, you must make sure that each flight is prepared and carried out safely. This includes using appropriate aerodromes, checking the latest weather, confirming the aircraft is air‑worthy and correctly loaded, carrying enough fuel, having functional equipment and navigation aids, following the flight and operations manuals, and having an alternate aerodrome ready when required.
Ensure safe take‑off and landing conditions
If you run an aircraft operation, you must make sure the pilot checks the weather and runway condition and confirms that aerodrome operating minima are met before any take‑off and before any approach to land. The pilot must be satisfied that nothing will prevent a safe departure, approach or landing.
Ensure safe towing of gliders
If your aircraft is used to tow a glider you must have a valid airworthiness certificate (or an explicit CAA authorisation), keep the tow rope in good condition, limit the total length to 150 m, and make sure you have checked performance, landing and emergency signals before take‑off. You also need to agree signals with the glider pilot and attach the rope before the aircraft gets airborne.
Ensure your pilots hold the correct licences, ratings and certificates
If you employ anyone to fly your aircraft, that person must hold a pilot licence that includes the right ratings and certificates as set out in the Air Navigation Order. The licence must show that the holder is qualified, fit and competent for the role. If you fail to do this, you risk fines and criminal prosecution.
Establish and maintain an accident prevention and flight safety programme
If you run a UK‑registered aircraft that carries passengers for public transport, you must set up a safety programme whose sole purpose is to prevent accidents and incidents, and keep it up to date. For any aircraft with a maximum take‑off weight over 27,000 kg you also need to include a flight‑data monitoring element within that programme.
Establish and maintain an approved aircraft maintenance programme
If you own an aircraft that has a national certificate of airworthiness, you must have a written maintenance programme that follows CAA guidance. The programme (and any changes to it) must be approved by the CAA, or by an approved continuing airworthiness management organisation (CAMO) if one is handling your aircraft’s airworthiness. You need to keep the approved programme and any amendments on record.
Extend aircraft airworthiness certificate (max two times, 12 months each)
If your business operates a continuing airworthiness management organisation (CAMO) that looks after an aircraft’s airworthiness, you can extend the aircraft’s national airworthiness review certificate when it is close to expiring. You may only do this twice, each time for up to 12 months, and only if you are satisfied the extension is appropriate.
Have an approved flight‑time scheme and ensure crew follow it
If you run a commercial airline with a UK‑registered aircraft and at least two pilots, you must only operate flights when you have a CAA‑approved scheme that controls crew flight times. You also have to take all reasonably practicable steps to make sure every crew member complies with that scheme.
Hold a valid revalidation certificate or meet BFCL.160 before flying
If you hold a UK licence for balloons, airships or gyroplanes, you must have a current certificate of revalidation for any rating you want to use on a flight. If you don’t have that certificate, you must follow the BFCL.160 requirements – which change on 1 October 2029 – before you fly.
Issue certificates of release to service only by authorised personnel
When you need a Certificate of Release to Service (CRS) for an aircraft, you must make sure it is signed only by someone who has the correct aircraft maintenance engineer licence or CAA approval. This includes UK‑licensed engineers, approved persons under Part 145, or foreign licence holders that meet the specific conditions. In practice you need to check the signatory’s credentials before the CRS is issued.
Keep aeronautical radio operators properly certified
If your business runs or uses an aeronautical radio station, you must make sure any person operating it holds a CAA certificate of competence. They must be at least 18, have the required knowledge and experience, complete the CAA‑required training, tests and exams, keep the certificate up‑to‑date (renew when needed) and obtain an endorsement from the aerodrome station in charge before providing the service.
Keep a valid airworthiness certificate and meet required regulations
If you operate a UK‑registered State aircraft that is not a military plane, you must always have either a national or a Part‑21 certificate of airworthiness. When you have a Part‑21 certificate you also need to follow the Basic Regulation, the UK national requirements in CAP 747 and you must not fly in another country's airspace without that country's permission.
Keep a valid national airworthiness review certificate for each aircraft
If you own or operate an aircraft that has a national certificate of airworthiness, you must make sure it has a current national airworthiness review certificate before any flight. The review certificate is only good for one year, so you need to renew it regularly to keep the aircraft legal to fly.
Keep licence revalidation certificates up‑to‑date
If you hold, or employ someone who holds, a National Private Pilot’s Licence or Light Aircraft Pilot’s Licence, you may only use a certificate or rating that has a current revalidation certificate attached to it. The revalidation must be the correct type, issued correctly and still valid when the flight is planned. For Light Aircraft Pilot’s Licences (Helicopters) you can rely on meeting the specific FCL regulations instead of a revalidation certificate.
Keep your flight information service officer licence valid
If you work as a flight information service officer you must obtain a licence and keep it current. This means providing the CAA with evidence of fitness, passing any required tests or training, renewing the licence when asked, and making sure the licence is signed, specifies the aerodrome(s) you work at and is re‑validated after any 90‑day period of inactivity.
Maintain and submit a compliant police operations manual
If you run a police aircraft, you must keep a police operations manual that meets CAA requirements, give it to all crew members, and send the relevant parts to the CAA before you fly. The manual must be kept up‑to‑date and any changes must be notified to the CAA straight away. You cannot fly the aircraft unless the manual is approved and available to the crew.
Maintain continuous air‑ground voice communication during controlled flights
When you operate a controlled flight, you must keep the radio tuned to the correct air‑traffic‑control channel and be ready to talk with ATC at all times, or follow any alternative instructions they give. This requires you to have procedures and monitoring in place so that two‑way communication is always maintained during the flight.
Maintain safe operation and up‑to‑date aerodrome manual for licensed aerodromes
If your business holds a national aerodrome licence, you must keep the aerodrome and its visual traffic pattern safe at all times, have an effective safety‑management system, and maintain a current aerodrome manual. The manual must be supplied to every operating staff member, kept up‑to‑date, and you must provide licence details to anyone who asks. Failing to do so can lead to criminal prosecution.
Maintain valid medical clearance to exercise pilot licence privileges
If you hold a UK private pilot licence (including National Private Pilot’s Licence) or a UK commercial balloon licence, you must either hold a current CAA‑issued medical certificate or make a signed medical declaration that you meet the required health standards. While relying on a declaration you are limited to small aircraft, up to three passengers, day‑time (or night rating) flights in visual or instrument conditions, and must stay within UK airspace unless you have special permission. Night‑rating pilots also need to pass a colour‑vision test.
Maintain valid rating revalidation and training for pilots
If you employ or contract a pilot who holds a UK aeroplane or helicopter licence, you must make sure they have a current revalidation certificate for any aircraft rating they intend to use and that they have completed the required differences training. The training must be recorded in the pilot’s personal flying log by the instructor. Without these, the pilot cannot legally exercise the rating on a flight.
Make aerodrome facilities available to foreign aircraft on equal terms
If you run a public‑use aerodrome in the UK, you must let aircraft registered in other Contracting States or the Commonwealth use the aerodrome and its navigation facilities on the same terms you offer UK‑registered aircraft. In practice this means you cannot charge extra or impose different conditions on overseas aircraft.
Manage crew fatigue and keep crew flight records
If you run an aircraft, you must have a fatigue‑management scheme that the CAA has approved and include it in your operations manual (or make it available to crew). You must not let any crew member fly when you know or should know they are fatigued, and you must keep up‑to‑date records of each crew member’s flight, duty and rest periods and the nature of their duties for the 28 days before each flight, keeping those records for at least 12 months after the flight.
Notify CAA of air‑traffic aid operation and ensure approach control
If you run a non‑government aerodrome that uses radio or radar equipment to help aircraft hold, descend or approach, you must tell the CAA ahead of time when that equipment will be used and make sure an approach control service is available at those times.
Obtain a certificate of release to service before flying any non‑Part‑21 aircraft
If your business owns or operates a non‑Part‑21 aircraft that has been over‑hauled, repaired, replaced, modified, maintained or inspected, you must have a valid Certificate of Release to Service (CRS) in force before the aircraft is allowed to fly. Where a CRS cannot be issued at the location of the work, you must fly the aircraft to the nearest place that can issue a CRS, provided it is safe to do so.
Obtain and keep a valid aerial application certificate and manual
If you use an aircraft to spray crops, trees or orchards, you must have a CAA‑issued aerial application certificate. You also need a written aerial application manual, give a copy to every crew member and keep it up‑to‑date whenever the CAA asks. In short, you must be authorised and have the right paperwork in place before you fly.
Obtain and manage extensions of airworthiness review certificates
If you operate an aircraft that is not kept in a controlled environment and either weighs more than 2,730 kg or is used for commercial, public or non‑military state transport, you can extend its national airworthiness review certificate up to two times for 12 months each. The extension must be carried out by an approved continuing airworthiness management organisation (CAMO) after it has completed an annual review and is satisfied the aircraft is still airworthy.
Obtain authorisation and follow limits for towing or raising loads
If you want to tow, pick up or lower any person, animal or object with an aircraft (except a glider), you must have a valid airworthiness certificate that expressly permits that use or get authorisation from the CAA or an approved body. The operation must start from an aerodrome, be carried out in daylight with at least 1 nm visibility, keep the total length of aircraft‑rope‑load under 150 m, and never fly over a congested area while the load is suspended.
Obtain CAA parachuting permission and follow aircraft/manual rules
If you run a parachuting or people‑dropping operation you must first get a parachuting permission from the CAA (or have a police air operator's certificate). The aircraft you use must be certificated and expressly allowed for dropping people, and you must keep a parachuting manual that the CAA can inspect and that you share with anyone who carries out jumps.
Obtain CAA permission and inform pilot before carrying weapons
If you operate a non‑Part‑21 aircraft and want to carry any munition of war or sporting weapon, you must first get written permission from the CAA. Before each flight you must give the pilot a written notice that sets out what is on board, how much, where it is stored and any conditions attached to the permission. Weapons must also be stowed so passengers cannot reach them.
Obtain CAA permission before installing or altering aeronautical lights and protect existing lights
If your business wants to set up, change or maintain any airport beacon or ground lighting, you must first get written consent from the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and follow any conditions they set. You also must not deliberately or carelessly damage any such lights that have CAA approval.
Obtain permission before flying if licence does not meet minimum standards
If a pilot’s licence is marked as not meeting the international minimum standards, the holder cannot act as a crew member on UK‑registered aircraft abroad, or on any aircraft in the UK, unless they have written permission from the relevant authority (the CAA for the UK or the foreign state’s authority for overseas work). Your business must make sure any pilot in this situation gets the proper authorisation before any flight.
Operate aircraft radios only under a valid licence and by authorised personnel
If your business runs aircraft, you must only use the aircraft’s radio when it is covered by a licence issued for the aircraft’s registration state, and the person using it must hold the appropriate radio licence. You also have to make sure the radio does not cause interference with aeronautical communications or navigation services.
Operate aircraft under national permit within limits and display required placard
If you run an aircraft on a national permit you must not use it for public or commercial transport, for hire, or for night/IFR flights unless the CAA has given you permission. You also have to attach a specific warning placard that is clearly visible to anyone on board.
Operate balloons, gliders, kites, parachutes and airships safely
If you launch, moor, tether or tow balloons, gliders, kites, parachutes or airships you must do so without creating a hazard, keep the aircraft and its equipment below 60 m unless you have CAA permission, avoid restricted airspace and follow any CAA guidance. Specific rules also apply to airships and captive balloons, such as not mooring close to crowded areas and securing them when unattended.
Prevent unauthorised stowaways on your aircraft
If you operate or run an airline, you must make sure that no one boards the aircraft without your permission or that of the pilot in command. In practice this means carrying out proper passenger checks, keeping a record of who has been granted consent and refusing entry to anyone who hasn’t been approved.
Prohibit drunkenness on aircraft
Unlimited fineYou must ensure that no one who is drunk boards or remains on any aircraft, and that crew members are never under the influence of alcohol or drugs to the extent that it impairs their ability to perform their duties. In practice this means having policies, checks and disciplinary procedures to stop drunk passengers or crew from entering or operating an aircraft.
Prohibit under‑14s from acting as pilot in command of a glider
You must not allow anyone younger than 14 years old to be the pilot in command of a non‑Part‑21 glider. Gliding clubs, schools or any organisation that supervises glider flights need to check ages and put policies in place to stop under‑14s from flying as PIC.
Provide air traffic services as directed by the CAA
If the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) issues you a direction for air traffic services – for example to improve the use of airspace or to meet a particular service standard – you must deliver those services exactly as specified. This applies to any organisation or individual that is in charge of providing air traffic services for UK (or internationally‑linked) airspace.
Provide and enforce aerodrome operating minima for overseas‑registered public transport aircraft
Unlimited fineIf your company runs passenger flights with aircraft that are registered outside the UK, you must give your pilots the minimum weather and runway requirements (operating minima) for every UK airport they will use, including alternates. You cannot allow any flight, take‑off, landing or descent in the UK that does not meet those minima, and you need the appropriate approvals for low‑visibility operations.
Provide CAA‑directed air traffic or radio communication services
If the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) issues a safety direction to you as the person in charge of an aerodrome (or as the holder of an air‑traffic‑services licence), you must put in place the specified air‑traffic‑control service, flight‑information service or two‑way radio communications. You must run the service exactly as the CAA sets out – including any time periods, locations or methods – and keep records to prove you have complied.
Provide required cabin crew for public transport flights
If you operate a commercial flight on a UK‑registered aircraft that has more than 19 passenger seats and you are carrying at least one passenger, you must have cabin crew on board. The minimum number of cabin crew depends on the seat count – at least one for up to 50 seats, two for 51‑100 seats, three for 101‑150 seats, and so on – unless the CAA has given you specific permission to carry fewer.
Provide, retain and follow aerodrome operating minima for each flight
If you run a UK‑registered public‑transport aircraft, you must work out the minimum weather conditions (aerodrome operating minima) that are safe for each runway you might use. That information has to be put in your operations manual, or given to the pilot in writing before the flight, and a copy must be kept for three months. You also must not take off or attempt to land when the actual weather is below those minima unless a written exemption is issued.
Supervise aircraft loading with written loading instructions
If you operate aircraft, you must make sure every load is overseen by someone who has been given written instructions on how the load should be distributed and secured. Those instructions must show the aircraft’s total weight, the centre of gravity and any extra items, and they must meet safety and certification requirements. You must not allow loading that breaches these instructions.
Use approved airworthiness management and maintenance organisations
Unlimited fineIf you operate a commercial air transport, public transport or non‑military state aircraft that holds a national airworthiness certificate, you must make sure the aircraft is managed by a CAMO (Continuing Airworthiness Management Organisation) that has been approved under the Air Navigation Order. All maintenance on the aircraft must also be carried out by an organisation that is approved under the Order. This is a continuous requirement – you cannot use unapproved providers.
Use only licensed, certified or Government‑approved aerodromes
Unlimited fineIf your aircraft operates a flight covered by the Air Navigation Order, you must only take‑off and land at aerodromes that are nationally licensed, certified, or officially designated by the Government. You also have to follow any conditions attached to that aerodrome’s licence, certificate or permission.
Use radio call signs only for their notified purpose
If your aerodrome has two‑way radio, you must make sure that any radio call sign is only used for the purpose that was officially notified. You cannot allow staff or anyone else to use a call sign for any other reason.
Notifications 3
Notify aerodrome availability times for commercial and training flights
If you run an aerodrome with a public‑use licence, you must tell the CAA when the aerodrome will be open for take‑off and landing of commercial passenger flights, public passenger transport flights, or flight‑training flights. This ensures the aerodrome is offered on equal terms to all users.
Notify or obtain CAA permission before releasing large numbers of balloons
If your business plans to release small balloons, you must give the CAA written notice at least 28 days in advance when releasing more than 1,000 balloons in an aerodrome traffic zone during operating hours. For releases of 2,000‑10,000 balloons in certain airspace or in an ATZ, or any release of more than 10,000 balloons, you must obtain explicit permission from the CAA before the release.
Notify the CAA of any change to aircraft registration details
If you own an aircraft registered in the UK you must tell the Civil Aviation Authority in writing as soon as possible when any of the information you gave at registration changes, when the aircraft is destroyed or permanently withdrawn, or when a charter ends. If you become a new owner you have 28 days to inform the CAA of the change.
Other requirements 12
Avoid reckless or negligent actions that could endanger an aircraft
Unlimited fineYour business must make sure that nothing you do – whether operating near an airport, using drones, running flight‑related services or any other activity – is carried out recklessly or negligently in a way that could put an aircraft or its passengers at risk. If you act in a way that is likely to endanger an aircraft, you could be prosecuted.
Comply with CAA aerodrome safety directives
If the Civil Aviation Authority tells you there’s an unsafe condition at your nationally‑licensed aerodrome, you must take the actions it sets out within the time limit it gives you. This means you need to act quickly to fix the problem and keep the aerodrome safe for users.
Do not behave disruptively towards crew while on an aircraft
Unlimited fineAnyone on a UK‑registered aircraft must not use threatening, abusive or insulting language, act in a threatening or disorderly way, or deliberately interfere with a crew member’s duties. If your employees are travelling by air, you need to make sure they understand this rule and avoid any disruptive behaviour on board.
Do not dazzle or distract aircraft with lights
You must not point or shine any light at an aircraft while it is flying in the UK if it could dazzle or distract the pilot. This applies to you, your staff and anyone acting on behalf of your business. Breaching the rule is a criminal offence.
Do not fly if fatigued and disclose recent flight times
You must not serve as crew on any flight if you are aware or suspect you are fatigued enough to endanger safety. Before each flight you also need to tell the operator about all your flight duties during the previous 28 days.
Do not obstruct aviation inspectors or officials
Unlimited fineYou and anyone working for your business must not deliberately block or hinder any person (such as a CAA inspector) who is carrying out duties under the Air Navigation Order or related safety regulations. This means allowing them access to premises, aircraft or equipment and cooperating fully when they are performing their statutory functions.
Do not provide ATC services without a valid licence
If your business provides air traffic control services in the North Atlantic Shanwick Oceanic Control Area, you must make sure every controller holds a student air traffic controller licence or a full air traffic controller licence that includes the required Area Control rating and an Oceanic Control endorsement. Supplying the service without the correct licence is illegal.
Do not recklessly endanger people or property with an aircraft
Unlimited fineIf you operate, own, control or otherwise permit an aircraft, you must ensure it is never used in a way that recklessly or negligently puts anyone or anything at risk. Allowing an unsafe flight can lead to criminal prosecution.
Do not use aircraft for commercial air transport if you’re an unqualified owner
If you (or your business) are not one of the persons listed in paragraph 1 and the CAA still registers your aircraft, you must not operate that aircraft for commercial passenger or cargo flights while it stays on the register. You may only use it for private or non‑commercial purposes.
Hold a valid crew licence for non‑Part‑21 aircraft
Unlimited fineIf you or any of your staff work as a member of the flight crew on a non‑Part‑21 aircraft registered in the UK, you must have a licence that is granted or recognised under the Air Navigation Order (or the relevant Aircrew Regulation). Your business must check that every crew member holds the correct licence before they fly.
Hold a valid licence to serve as flight crew on non‑UK‑registered aircraft
If you or anyone you employ works as a member of the flight crew on an aircraft that is registered outside the United Kingdom, you must hold the correct licence issued by the aircraft’s registration state (or the appropriate UK licence where the law allows). You cannot act as crew without that licence unless the CAA has given a specific direction allowing otherwise.
Obey pilot’s lawful commands while on an aircraft
Unlimited fineAnyone who is on board an aircraft must follow any lawful instruction given by the pilot in command. This includes passengers, crew and any business travellers. As a business owner you should make sure your staff know they must comply with the pilot’s directions for safety and the smooth running of the flight.
Offences and prohibitions 7
Breach Air Navigation Order or related regulations
5 years imprisonmentIf you operate an aircraft, are the pilot in command, or charter the aircraft and you fail to comply with any provision of the Air Navigation Order 2016, its regulations or a safety regulation, you commit a criminal offence. Depending on which part of Schedule 13 is breached you can be fined (up to a Level 4 standard‑scale fine for less serious breaches) or face an unlimited fine and up to five years' imprisonment for the most serious breaches. The offence can be tried either in a Magistrates' Court (summary) or a Crown Court (indictable) depending on the circumstances.
Breach of remote‑pilot competency or registration requirements
Fine up to £2,500If a remote pilot (or anyone responsible for them) fails to carry proof of competency, register the aircraft, display the registration number, designate a remote pilot, keep geo‑awareness data up‑to‑date or maintain required competency, they commit an offence. On summary conviction in the magistrates' court the maximum fine is £2,500, depending on the specific breach. No prison term is provided.
Breach remote‑pilot UAV operating rules
Unlimited fineIf you act as a remote pilot of an unmanned aircraft and fail to follow the requirements of EU Regulation 2019/947 – for example, not registering the drone, lacking the required training, or flying outside permitted areas – you commit an offence under the Air Navigation Order 2016. A conviction can lead to a fine (which is usually unlimited) and, in the most serious cases, imprisonment.
Fail to register a certified unmanned aircraft
Fine up to £1,000If you operate a certified unmanned aircraft (e.g., a drone that requires registration) and you do not register it as required by the Air Navigation Order 2016, you commit a criminal offence. On conviction you could face a fine and, if the offence is treated as more serious, it may be tried in the Crown Court. The penalty will depend on the exact wording of the full legislation.
Fly tethered small drone without meeting required regulations
Fine up to £2,500If you or someone you employ operates a tethered small unmanned aircraft (drone) and you fail to meet the required registration, display of the registration number, safety‑occurrence reporting, remote‑pilot designation, geo‑awareness updates, height limits, people‑overflight rules, visual line‑of‑sight, fitness‑to‑fly checks or any other condition listed in the law, you commit a criminal offence. The offence applies to both the UAS (operator) and the remote pilot. Conviction can lead to a fine and/or imprisonment, although the exact maximums are not set out in this provision.
Obstruct aerodrome firefighters in an emergency
If anyone deliberately blocks or interferes with a rescue‑fire‑fighting crew at a licensed or certified aerodrome while they are acting to put out a fire or rescue people, they commit a criminal offence. The offence applies whether the obstruction is physical, verbal or by refusing access, unless the person has a reasonable excuse. Conviction can lead to a fine, imprisonment or both, depending on how the courts classify the offence.
Operate unmanned aircraft with under‑aged remote pilot
Fine up to £2,500If you run a drone (UAS) business, you must not let a remote pilot who is younger than the age set out in the EU Unmanned Aircraft Implementing Regulation operate your aircraft (unless it is a tethered small UAS). Allowing an under‑aged pilot to fly the drone makes you guilty of a criminal offence and you could be prosecuted.
Record keeping 17
Ensure Flight Engineers hold a valid revalidation certificate for each rating
If you employ or contract a UK‑licensed Flight Engineer, you must make sure they have a current certificate of revalidation for every aircraft rating they use. You cannot let them exercise that rating on a flight unless the certificate is valid and meets the requirements of Schedule 8.
Hold a valid medical certificate for your UK aviation licence
If you hold a UK aviation licence (e.g., pilot, flight engineer, navigator), you must have a current medical certificate attached to that licence before you carry out any of its authorised functions. The certificate can be the one issued under article 161 or a Part‑MED certificate (unless it is a Light Aircraft Pilot Licence medical). Without a valid certificate you are not allowed to fly or perform licence‑related duties.
Include required details on aircraft release certificates
When you finish maintenance on an aircraft and issue a Certificate of Release to Service, you must make sure the certificate lists the work carried out, the date it was completed, who issued it (including the organisation’s approval reference and the certifier’s licence number), and any airworthiness or operational limits. If the scheduled maintenance can’t be done, you must record the reason and any limits, and you must never issue the certificate if you know the aircraft is unsafe.
Keep and maintain aircraft continuing airworthiness records
Unlimited fineIf you operate a non‑Part‑21 aircraft registered in the UK, you must keep the full set of required log books (aircraft, each engine, each variable‑pitch propeller and any life‑limited components) and record every maintenance, repair, replacement, modification or inspection. Entries must be made promptly – within 30 days of a release‑to‑service certificate and within 7 days of any other event – and the records must be retained, transferred when the aircraft changes hands or when you outsource airworthiness management, and shown to the CAA if they ask.
Keep a personal flying log
If you or any of your staff are crew members on a UK‑registered aircraft, or you fly to gain or renew a licence or rating, you must maintain a personal flying log. The log must contain your personal details, licence information, employer details and a record of every flight (or simulator test) you undertake, entered as soon as practicable after each flight.
Keep detailed, legible records of air traffic service equipment tests and maintenance
If your business owns, operates or maintains air‑traffic service equipment you must keep a log of every functional test, flight check and any maintenance, repair, overhaul, replacement or modification. The log must be legible (or able to be reproduced in legible form) and include key details such as the equipment ID, dates, times of messages, aircraft involved and frequencies used.
Keep revalidation certificates current for instrument and instructor ratings
If you hold a UK pilot licence that includes an instrument rating, an instrument‑meteorological‑conditions rating or an instructor certificate, you must have a valid certificate of revalidation before you can use those privileges. The revalidation must be issued and remain valid according to the schedule rules, so you need to renew it on time and keep evidence of its validity.
Keep your Flight Navigator licence revalidation current
If you hold a UK Flight Navigator’s Licence and fly on any flight covered by article 111, you must have a valid revalidation certificate attached to your licence. The certificate must be issued and remain valid according to the specific rules in Schedule 8, Part 3. Without it you cannot legally exercise the licence privileges on those flights.
Maintain accurate and authentic aviation documents and records
You must keep all certificates, licences, approvals, log books, load sheets and other aviation records genuine, complete and unaltered. Never forge, lend out, falsify or destroy these documents, and always make entries in ink and retain them for the required period. Breaching these rules is a criminal offence.
Maintain and retain aircraft weight and balance schedule
If you operate a certificated aircraft or glider, you must have the aircraft weighed and its centre of gravity (CG) measured whenever the CAA requires it. You must then produce a weight schedule showing the aircraft’s mass and CG, record any changes from modifications or repairs, keep this information available to the pilot, and keep the schedule for at least six months after the next weighing.
Maintain a valid medical certificate for your aviation licence
If you hold a Part‑FCL, Part‑SFCL or Part‑BFCL licence (for example as a pilot), you may not use any of its privileges unless you have a current medical certificate that meets the Part‑MED requirements, or you have submitted the required medical declaration and meet the conditions set out in article 163. In practice you must keep your medical fitness paperwork up‑to‑date before you fly.
Preserve aircraft flight‑data recorder records
If you operate an aircraft you must always keep the most recent 25 hours of flight‑data recorder (FDR) recordings and also retain a full record of at least one representative flight from the past 12 months. The representative flight must show take‑off, climb, cruise, descent, approach and landing, and you must be able to identify which flight it relates to. You must keep these records for as long as the CAA tells you to.
Preserve and hand over aircraft records when you stop operating
If your business is the operator of an aircraft, you must keep the key paperwork – airworthiness certificates, log books, weight schedules, flight‑data‑recorder data, engine/propeller logs and crew records – even after you stop flying the aircraft. When a new operator, the buyer of an engine/propeller, or a crew member who joins a public‑transport aircraft asks for them, you must provide the documents, and the new operator must then treat them as their own records.
Preserve the last 8 hours of helicopter flight data recorder recordings
If your helicopter is required to carry a flight data recorder, you must always keep a copy of the most recent eight hours of data it records. This means you need a system or process to retain that data continuously and make it available when needed.
Preserve the last eight hours of helicopter CVR/FDR recordings
If your business operates a helicopter that must have the combined cockpit‑voice and flight‑data recorder, you must always keep the most recent eight hours of recording (or the flight‑specific recording defined in the Order). The recordings have to be stored according to a plan that the CAA has approved.
Provide ATC equipment documents when requested
If your business holds an approval for air traffic service equipment (under article 205 or 206), you must hand over any paperwork or records about that equipment whenever a CAA authorised person asks for them. The hand‑over should be done promptly – within a reasonable time after the request.
Provide requested aviation documents and records
If an authorised person (such as a CAA inspector) asks you for any aircraft or crew documents, you must show them the relevant papers promptly. This includes registration and airworthiness certificates, crew licences, log books, weight schedules, operation manuals, flight‑data recorder files and any other records the aircraft is required to carry. The same duty applies to pilots, aircraft operators and anyone holding a licence or personal flying log.
Registration and licensing 7
Apply to the CAA to register your aircraft in the UK
If you own, lease or charter an aircraft and want it officially recognised in the United Kingdom, you must send a written application to the Civil Aviation Authority. The application must include the details the CAA asks for – proof of ownership or charter, the aircraft’s description as set out in the classification schedule, and any other evidence they require. The CAA will then issue a certificate of registration if everything is in order.
Display correct UK registration and nationality marks on aircraft
If you own or operate an aircraft that is registered in the United Kingdom, you must have the proper UK nationality and registration markings painted or fixed to the aircraft in the way UK law requires. You may only use alternative marks if you have written permission from the CAA, and you must never display marks that suggest the aircraft is registered in another country or is a State aircraft when it is not.
Hold a licence to act as a flight information service officer
Unlimited fineIf you provide flight information services at an aerodrome or area control centre, you must have a valid flight information service officer licence for that location and identify yourself as required. You cannot act in that role without the licence, otherwise you risk criminal prosecution.
Obtain and hold a Part‑CAT air operator certificate for commercial flights
If you run an aircraft that is registered in the UK and want to use it for commercial air transport, you must first have a Part‑CAT air operator certificate from the CAA. You cannot carry out commercial flights unless the operation is covered by that certificate, and you must follow the certificate’s conditions at all times.
Obtain and maintain a national air operator’s certificate
If your business runs a UK‑registered aircraft on public transport flights, you must have a national air operator’s certificate (or a Part‑CAT certificate) from the CAA. The certificate proves you are competent to operate the aircraft safely. You can only carry out those flights once the CAA has issued the certificate after checking your experience, equipment, staffing and maintenance arrangements.
Only register aircraft in the UK when allowed
If you own or operate an aircraft, you must make sure it can be registered in the United Kingdom. You cannot register an aircraft that is still registered abroad, that would be better suited to another Commonwealth country, or that would not be in the public interest. In practice you need to check the aircraft’s existing registrations and suitability before applying for a UK registration.
Operate aeronautical radio stations only with a valid CAA certificate
If your business runs an aeronautical radio station – for example to communicate with aircraft, offshore installations or parachute drops – you must have a CAA‑issued radio operator’s certificate of competence (or a current operator certificate under article 203). You may only use the station without a certificate in an emergency to avoid immediate danger.
Reporting and filing 5
File proposed tariffs with the CAA for approval
If you run or charter an aircraft and have been granted a permission that includes a tariff clause, you must send the tariff you intend to charge to the Civil Aviation Authority for its review. The CAA will then decide whether the tariff can be used on the relevant flights.
Obtain CAA approval before notifying an instrument flight procedure
You cannot publish or use an instrument flight procedure in the UK until the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has designed or approved it. To get that approval you must apply to the CAA, provide all the evidence and reports they ask for, and may need to undergo training, tests or examinations. The CAA will only approve the procedure if it is satisfied it is safe for aircraft.
Provide required reports when applying for a national airworthiness certificate
If you own or operate a non‑Part‑21 aircraft registered in the UK and want a national certificate of airworthiness (or to vary/renew one), you must submit the supporting reports that the CAA asks for. These reports must come from persons approved under article 268 and show the aircraft meets the design, construction and test standards the regulator expects.
Provide required reports when applying for a national permit to fly
If you own or operate a non‑Part‑21 aircraft registered in the UK and want a national permit to fly, you must include the specific technical reports the CAA asks for. Without those reports the CAA can refuse your application, so you need to gather and submit them as part of every permit, variation or renewal request.
Supply charge information to the Secretary of State on request
If you operate an aerodrome with a public‑use licence, you must give the Secretary of State details of any fees you charge for using the aerodrome or its safety‑related facilities whenever they ask. This means keeping clear records of your charge structure and being ready to share them on demand.
Training 2
Obtain an aerobatic rating before conducting aerobatic manoeuvres
If you hold a UK or National Private Pilot’s Licence for aeroplanes that was first issued after 30 September 2025, you cannot act as pilot‑in‑command while performing aerobatic manoeuvres unless your licence carries an aerobatic rating. You must complete the required training and have the rating added to your licence before you fly aerobatics.
Provide ACAS II procedures and training for flight crew
If your aircraft uses the ACAS II collision‑avoidance system, you must have the correct operating procedures in place and make sure every pilot and crew member is trained to use them. The captain may not start a flight unless they are satisfied that all crew have received the required training. For foreign‑registered aircraft, you must follow the rules of the country where the aircraft is registered.
Penalties for non-compliance
26 penalties under this legislation. 2 can result in imprisonment. 21 carry an unlimited fine.
Ensure a qualified pilot is in control before helicopter rotor is powered
Unlimited fine and/or 6 months imprisonment
Breach Air Navigation Order or related regulations
Unlimited fine and/or 5 years imprisonment
Equip UK‑registered aircraft for Required Navigation Performance (RNP) airspace
Unlimited fine
Carry sporting weapons or war munitions on aircraft only under strict conditions
Unlimited fine
Carry the required flight crew for foreign‑registered aircraft
Unlimited fine
Do not display lights that could endanger aircraft
Unlimited fine
Ensure pilots follow approved departure, approach procedures and minima
Unlimited fine
Ensure safe planning and execution of every flight you command
Unlimited fine
Prohibit drunkenness on aircraft
Unlimited fine
Provide and enforce aerodrome operating minima for overseas‑registered public transport aircraft
Unlimited fine
Use approved airworthiness management and maintenance organisations
Unlimited fine
Use only licensed, certified or Government‑approved aerodromes
Unlimited fine
Avoid reckless or negligent actions that could endanger an aircraft
Unlimited fine
Do not behave disruptively towards crew while on an aircraft
Unlimited fine
Do not obstruct aviation inspectors or officials
Unlimited fine
Do not recklessly endanger people or property with an aircraft
Unlimited fine
Hold a valid crew licence for non‑Part‑21 aircraft
Unlimited fine
Obey pilot’s lawful commands while on an aircraft
Unlimited fine
Breach remote‑pilot UAV operating rules
Unlimited fine
Keep and maintain aircraft continuing airworthiness records
Unlimited fine
Hold a licence to act as a flight information service officer
Unlimited fine
Breach of remote‑pilot competency or registration requirements
Fine up to £2,500
Fly tethered small drone without meeting required regulations
Fine up to £2,500
Operate unmanned aircraft with under‑aged remote pilot
Fine up to £2,500
Fail to register a certified unmanned aircraft
Fine up to £1,000
Obstruct aerodrome firefighters in an emergency
Penalty applies
Practical guidance
Our guides explain how to comply with the requirements above.
Aviation cargo security compliance
How to become a Known Consignor or Regulated Agent for air cargo. Covers CAA certification, security vetting requirements, cargo screening, …
Film and TV production permissions and insurance
Legal requirements and permissions for film and TV production in the UK - including location permissions, council filming fees, insurance …
Sections and provisions
294 classified provisions from this legislation.
Duties 138
- Schedule 11 AIR TRAFFIC SERVICE EQUIPMENT – RECORDS REQUIRED AND MATTERS TO WHICH THE CAA MAY HAVE REGARD
- s.25 CAA to register aircraft in the United Kingdom an aircraft
- s.26 Who may register aircraft in the United Kingdom that person
- s.27 Application for registration
- s.28 Changes to the register
- s.32 Nationality and registration marks an aircraft
- s.34 Issue of airworthiness directives for Part-21 aircraft
- s.35 Requirement for a certificate of release to service for Part-21 aircraft A Part-21 aircraft
- s.36 Licensing of maintenance engineers which
- s.37 Certificate of airworthiness for State aircraft registered in the United Kingdom
- s.38 Issue and renewal of national certificates of airworthiness
- s.40 Issue of national permits to fly
- s.42 Limitations of national permits to fly
- s.43 Aircraft weight schedule aircraft
- s.44 Requirement for a certificate of release to service for non-Part-21 aircraft that aircraft
- s.47 Contents of a certificate of release to service resulting limitations
- s.48 Who may issue a certificate of release to service
- s.49 Requirement for and validity of a national airworthiness review certificate
- s.51 Other circumstances in which an aircraft must not fly component fitted
- s.52 Initial issue of national airworthiness review certificate
- ... and 118 more duties
Offences and penalties 9
- s.17 Extra-territorial effect of the Order
- s.217 Powers of aerodrome firefighters in an emergency
- s.265 Offences and penalties
- Fixed penalty offences Fixed penalty offences
- Minimum age requirements: UAS operators and remote Minimum age requirements: UAS operators and remote pilots
- Offence: registration of certified unmanned aircra Offence: registration of certified unmanned aircraft
- Offences: Contravention of Commission Implementing Offences: Contravention of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947 on the rules and procedures for the operation of unmanned aircraft – remote pilot
- Offences: tethered small unmanned aircraft Offences: tethered small unmanned aircraft
- Penalties Penalties
Powers 28
- s.19 Application of the Order to British-controlled aircraft registered elsewhere than in the United Kingdom
- s.30 Aircraft subject to an international interest
- s.31 General provisions concerning registration
- s.46 Certificate of release to service issued by pilot owner
- s.97 Carriage of dangerous goods
- s.127 Aeroplanes registered in the United Kingdom – public transport operating conditions and performance requirements
- s.128 Helicopters registered in the United Kingdom – public transport operating conditions and performance requirements
- s.168 Approval of training and testing
- s.169 Validation of licences
- s.204 Approval of courses, persons, examinations and simulators
- s.211 Use of Government aerodromes
- s.218 Noise and vibration caused by aircraft on aerodromes
- s.219 Customs and Excise aerodromes
- s.237 Power to inspect and copy documents and records
- s.239 Power to prohibit or restrict flying
- s.248 Operational directives
- s.249 Rules of the Air
- s.250 Restriction on carriage, where valuable consideration is given or promised, in aircraft registered elsewhere than in the United Kingdom
- s.253 Revocation, suspension and variation of certificates, licences and other documents
- s.255 Revocation, suspension and variation of permissions, etc granted under article 250 or article 252
- ... and 8 more powers
Definitions 14
- s.7 Meaning of “commercial operation” commercial operation
- Schedule 8 FLIGHT CREW OF AIRCRAFT – LICENCES, RATINGS, QUALIFICATIONS AND MAINTENANCE OF LICENCE PRIVILEGES
- Schedule 14 REVOCATIONS AND SAVINGS, CONSEQUENTIAL AMENDMENTS AND TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
- s.61 Approval of continuing airworthiness management organisation
- s.62 Approval of aeroplane and rotorcraft maintenance organisation
- s.63 General provisions concerning airworthiness reviews
- s.64 Meaning of “ non-Part-21 aircraft” in this Part non-Part-21 aircraft
- s.134 Requirement for, and grant of, police air operator's certificate
- s.138 Appropriate licence
- s.164 Issue of Light Aircraft Pilot Licence medical certificates
- s.165 Occupational health medical practitioners
- s.174 Application and interpretation of this Chapter day flight time
- Certain unmanned aircraft: permission for flights Certain unmanned aircraft: permission for flights that are over or near space sites protected space site spacecraft
- Interpretation of expressions used in the definiti Interpretation of expressions used in the definition of “flight restriction zone of a protected aerodrome”
Exemptions 60
- Schedule 10 DOCUMENTS TO BE CARRIED
- s.12 Public transport and commercial operations – exceptions – charity flights
- s.13 Public transport and commercial operations – exceptions – cost sharing
- s.15 Public transport – exceptions – introductory flights
- s.16 Public transport and commercial operations – exceptions – glider towing
- s.18 Aircraft in transit over certain United Kingdom territorial waters
- s.20 Application of the Order to the Crown
- s.21 Application of the Order to visiting forces
- s.22 Application of the Order to military aircraft
- s.23 Exceptions from application of provisions of the Order for certain classes of aircraft
- s.24 Aircraft to be registered
- s.29 Aircraft which are entered in the Register of Aircraft Mortgages
- s.33 Certificate of airworthiness to be in force
- s.45 Circumstances where a certificate of release to service is not required
- s.57 Extension of a national airworthiness review certificate of certain aircraft which are not in a controlled environment
- s.73 Passenger briefings
- s.85 Area navigation and required navigation performance capabilities – aircraft registered elsewhere than in the United Kingdom
- s.86 Flying displays
- s.89 Dropping of articles and animals
- s.96 Rockets
- ... and 40 more exemptions