Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (England/Wales comparison)
What this means for your business
- Enforced by
- HSE, Fire and Rescue Authority
- Applies to
- United Kingdom
- On this page
- 83 compliance obligations, 46 practical guides across 3 topics
What you must do
83 compliance obligations under this legislation — 70 can result in imprisonment.
Risk assessment 7
Carry out and keep a fire risk assessment
2 years imprisonmentYou must assess the fire risks on your premises, update the assessment whenever things change or you think it may no longer be valid, and keep a written record of the findings and any people who are especially at risk. The assessment must be completed before any new work with dangerous substances starts, and the record should be made as soon as practicable after the assessment.
Carry out and keep updated fire risk assessments
2 years imprisonmentYou must produce a thorough fire risk assessment for your premises, update it whenever there are changes or you suspect it’s out‑of‑date, and record the findings (including any groups especially at risk). You also cannot start any new work involving dangerous substances until the assessment is done and required safety measures are in place.
Carry out and keep up‑to‑date fire risk assessments
2 years imprisonmentYou must assess the fire risks on any premises you control, record the findings and any people at particular risk, and review the assessment whenever there are changes (e.g. new work, dangerous substances or when you employ young people). No new work involving hazardous substances may start until the assessment is done and safety measures are in place.
Carry out and maintain fire risk assessments
2 years imprisonmentYou must identify fire hazards on your premises and decide what fire precautions are needed. The assessment has to be reviewed whenever something changes – especially if dangerous substances are present or you employ young people – and you must keep a record of the findings and any groups especially at risk. You cannot start new work involving hazardous substances until the assessment is completed and the required measures are in place.
Carry out risk assessments and control dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf you store, handle or use any dangerous chemicals, you must assess the risks and put the right safety measures in place. This means gathering safety data sheets, looking at how much and how the substances are used, and then reducing quantities, preventing releases, avoiding ignition sources and keeping incompatible chemicals apart. You must keep these assessments up‑to‑date and record the controls you have applied.
Carry out risk assessments for dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf your business uses, stores or handles dangerous substances you must assess all the hazards – their properties, how much you have, how they interact, how they are stored, the chance of an explosive atmosphere, ignition sources, and any waste. You also need to consider any young people (under 18) who may be exposed, looking at their inexperience, the premises layout, exposure levels, training and any relevant directives. The assessment must then feed into control measures to keep the risks as low as possible.
Include required factors in risk assessments for dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentWhenever you carry out a risk assessment for any hazardous substance in your premises, you must look at all of the items listed in the Fire Safety Order – things like the substance’s properties, supplier safety data, amount used, how it’s stored, potential explosive atmospheres, ignition sources, and any extra information you need. This ensures you have a full picture of the risks and can put the right controls in place.
Management duties 56
Apply fire‑safety principles when implementing protective measures
2 years imprisonmentIf you are the person responsible for a non‑domestic premises (the occupier), any fire‑preventive or protective measures you put in place must be chosen using the prevention principles in Part 3 of Schedule 1 of the Fire Safety Order. In practice this means you need to show how each measure follows those principles before you install or adopt it.
Apply fire‑safety principles when installing protective measures
2 years imprisonmentWhen you put any fire‑prevention or fire‑protection measures in place at your premises, you must base them on the specific principles set out in Part 3 of Schedule 1 of the Fire Safety Order. In practice this means checking those principles before you choose or install alarms, sprinklers, fire doors, compartmentation, etc., and ensuring the chosen solution follows them.
Assess and control risks from dangerous substances
If you are the responsible person for a workplace, you must carry out a detailed risk assessment for any dangerous substance you store, use, handle or transport – looking at its hazards, safety data, quantities, interactions, waste and how it might affect young people. Then you must put in place the required control measures, starting with reducing the amount of the substance, avoiding releases, controlling releases at source, preventing explosive atmospheres, managing ignition sources and keeping incompatible substances apart.
Avoid breaching fire safety duties to prevent employee civil claims
If you, as an employer, fail to meet the fire safety duties set out in the Fire Safety Order and an employee is harmed, the employee can sue you in civil court. To protect your business, you must keep fire safety measures up to date and ensure they are properly followed.
Base fire safety measures on the prescribed prevention principles
When you put fire prevention or protection steps in place – such as alarms, escape routes or safe storage – you must follow the specific principles set out in Part 3 of Schedule 1 of the Fire Safety Order. This means checking that every measure aligns with those principles and can be shown in your fire safety documentation.
Base fire safety measures on the prescribed prevention principles
2 years imprisonmentWhen you put fire‑prevention or fire‑protection steps in place (such as alarms, sprinklers, escape routes or safe storage), you must design and apply them using the principles set out in Part 3 of Schedule 1 of the Fire Safety Order. In practice this means checking that every fire‑related action follows those guidance principles and can be shown to do so.
Co‑operate and coordinate fire‑safety duties with other responsible persons
2 years imprisonmentIf more than one person has fire‑safety responsibilities for the same premises, you must find out who they are, share your contact details and the part of the building you cover, keep a record of this information and work together to meet the fire‑safety requirements. Where an explosive atmosphere may occur, the person with overall responsibility must lead the coordination of all protective measures.
Co‑operate and coordinate with other responsible persons for fire safety
If more than one person has fire‑safety responsibility for your premises, you must find out who the others are, share contact details and the part of the building each covers, keep a record, work together to meet the Order’s requirements and tell each other about any fire risks. Where an explosive atmosphere could occur, the person with overall responsibility must lead the coordination of all safety measures.
Co‑operate with other fire‑safety responsible persons
2 years imprisonmentIf more than one person is responsible for fire safety in your building, you must find out who the others are, exchange contact details and tell them which part of the premises you cover. Keep a record of this information and work together to meet all fire‑safety duties, especially coordinating measures when there is a risk of an explosive atmosphere.
Co‑ordinate fire safety duties with other responsible persons
2 years imprisonmentIf more than one person (for example an occupier, landlord or employer) has fire‑safety responsibilities for the same premises, you must find out who the others are, share your contact details and which part of the building you’re responsible for, and work together to meet the fire‑safety requirements. You also need to tell them about any risks you create, and where there is a risk of an explosive atmosphere one person must take overall responsibility for coordinating the safety measures.
Develop and keep records of fire safety arrangements
2 years imprisonmentYou must set up fire safety arrangements that suit the size and activities of your business – covering planning, organising, controlling, monitoring and reviewing preventive and protective measures. You also need to write these arrangements down and keep the records up to date. This ensures you have a clear, ongoing system to manage fire risk in your premises.
Eliminate or reduce fire risk from dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf dangerous substances are on your premises, you must make sure they do not create an unreasonable fire risk. You need to try to remove them, replace them with safer alternatives, or put in practical control measures, safe handling, storage and transport, and keep those measures working at all times.
Eliminate or reduce risks from dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf hazardous chemicals are on your premises, you must either remove them or reduce the risk they pose as far as reasonably practicable. Where possible you should substitute safer alternatives, put in place control and fire‑mitigation measures, and ensure safe handling, storage and transport. You also need to keep these safety conditions maintained over time.
Eliminate or reduce risks from dangerous substances on your premises
If your business stores, uses or produces any hazardous chemicals, you must either remove the danger completely or make the risk as low as reasonably possible. This means you should look for safer substitutes, put in place control measures and safe handling, storage and transport procedures, and keep these safeguards in place all the time.
Ensure emergency procedures for dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf you store or use dangerous substances at your workplace, you must have clear emergency information and arrangements in place. This includes warning systems, evacuation routes, sharing details with fire and rescue services, and ensuring only authorised staff with proper protective equipment can enter affected areas during an incident.
Ensure fire safety duties are complied for your premises
You must make sure that all fire‑safety requirements set out in the Order – such as a fire risk assessment, appropriate fire precautions, maintenance, and staff training – are carried out at any premises you control. If other people also have control of those premises, you must ensure they meet the same requirements. This applies whether the premises are a workplace or any other type of building.
Ensure fire safety duties are complied with for your premises
2 years imprisonmentYou must make sure that all the fire safety duties set out in the Fire Safety Order (such as fire risk assessments, fire prevention measures and maintenance of fire safety equipment) are carried out at any workplace or other premises you control. If you share control of a premises with others (e.g., a landlord, contractor or tenant), they must also meet the same duties for the parts they control.
Ensure fire safety duties are complied with on your premises
2 years imprisonmentYou must make sure that all fire safety duties set out in Articles 8‑22B and any regulations made under Article 24 are followed for the premises you control. This applies whether the premises are a workplace or any other building, and anyone else who has any control of the premises must also meet those duties.
Ensure fire safety duties are met for premises you control
2 years imprisonmentIf you are the responsible person for a workplace or any other premises, you must make sure all fire safety duties (the ones set out in Articles 8‑22B and any regulations under Article 24) are carried out. The same requirement also applies to anyone else who has any control over the premises, such as landlords, occupiers, contractors or anyone with contractual duties for maintenance or safety.
Ensure general fire precautions for employees and others
2 years imprisonmentYou must put in place reasonable fire safety measures that protect your staff and anyone else who may be on your premises. This includes carrying out a fire risk assessment, providing proper detection and alarms, maintaining clear escape routes and keeping fire‑fighting equipment in good working order.
Equip premises with fire‑fighting gear, detectors and trained staff
2 years imprisonmentYou must make sure your workplace has suitable fire‑fighting equipment, fire detectors and alarms, and that the equipment is easy to reach, clearly signed and simple to use. You also need to appoint competent people, give them adequate training and ensure there are enough of them and the right tools for the size and hazards of your premises. Finally, keep the necessary contacts with the fire service and other emergency responders.
Guard against employee claims by following fire safety duties
If your fire safety arrangements fail and an employee is injured or suffers damage, that employee can sue you. This provision reminds you that breaches of the fire‑safety duties you’re legally required to keep in place can lead to civil claims. So you must make sure you actually meet those duties – it’s not just a fine‑box exercise.
Keep emergency routes and exits clear and functional
2 years imprisonmentYou must make sure that any path to a fire exit in your premises is always free of obstacles, leads straight to a safe place and is adequate for the number of people who may be there. Doors used for escape must open outward, not be locked or fastened, and you need appropriate signs and emergency lighting where required. This is an ongoing duty to protect employees, visitors and anyone else on the premises.
Keep emergency routes and exits clear and properly sign‑posted
2 years imprisonmentYou must make sure that all escape routes and doors in your building are never blocked, lead straight to a safe place, open in the direction of escape, are not locked, have clear signage and, where required, emergency lighting if the normal lights fail. This has to be maintained at all times whenever people are present on the premises.
Keep emergency routes and exits clear and usable at all times
2 years imprisonmentYou must make sure that any escape routes and fire exits in your premises are never obstructed, lead straight to a safe place and can be opened quickly. This includes having enough exits of the right size, outward‑opening doors, clear signage and, where needed, emergency lighting.
Keep emergency routes and exits clear and usable at all times
2 years imprisonmentYou must make sure that any routes leading to emergency doors and the doors themselves are never blocked, lead straight to a safe place, and can be opened quickly in an emergency. This includes having the right number and size of exits, outward‑opening doors, clear signage and, where needed, emergency lighting.
Maintain fire‑fighter protection equipment and systems
2 years imprisonmentYou must keep any devices, facilities or equipment that help fire‑fighters (such as fire‑fighter mains, hydrants, access routes, fire doors, etc.) in good working order. Set up a regular maintenance plan, carry out repairs promptly, and work with any neighbouring occupier if the measures are shared.
Maintain fire‑fighter protection equipment and systems
2 years imprisonmentYou must keep any fire‑fighter protection measures – such as lifts, water supplies, control rooms or other equipment – in good working order and regularly maintained. If the building is shared, you can arrange with other occupiers to share the upkeep, but you remain responsible for ensuring the work is done. Failure to maintain these measures can lead to criminal prosecution.
Maintain fire‑fighter protection equipment in good repair
2 years imprisonmentYou must keep any equipment, devices or facilities provided for fire‑fighters on your premises in efficient working order and good repair, and have a suitable maintenance system in place. If the building is shared, you must make arrangements with the other occupier(s) (and owner, where different) and they must cooperate to meet this duty.
Maintain fire‑fighter protection measures
2 years imprisonmentYou must keep any equipment, devices or systems that help or protect fire‑fighters on your premises in good working order. This means carrying out regular checks, servicing and repairs, and, if the building is shared, arranging with other occupiers so that the same standards are met throughout.
Maintain fire safety equipment and facilities
2 years imprisonmentYou must have a regular maintenance plan for any fire safety equipment, systems or devices on your premises and keep them in good working order. If your building is shared with other occupiers, you should arrange with them to make sure everything is maintained, and they must cooperate with you.
Maintain fire safety equipment and premises in good repair
2 years imprisonmentYou must put in place a suitable system to keep all fire‑related equipment, devices and the building itself in efficient working order and good repair. If the building is shared, you can arrange with other occupiers to share the maintenance duties, but you still have to make sure the work gets done.
Maintain fire safety equipment and premises in good repair
2 years imprisonmentYou must keep your building and any fire‑safety systems (alarms, extinguishers, sprinklers, escape routes, etc.) under a regular maintenance programme and make sure they stay in efficient working order and good repair. If the building is shared with other occupiers you can agree on how to share the maintenance duties, but the other occupiers must co‑operate.
Maintain fire safety equipment and premises in good repair
2 years imprisonmentYou must have a routine system to check, service and repair all fire‑related equipment, facilities and building parts so they stay efficient, work properly and are in good repair. If your premises share a building with other occupants, you must arrange cooperation with them (and they must cooperate) to meet this duty.
Manage and reduce risks from dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf you have any hazardous chemicals or substances on your premises, you must either get rid of the risk or cut it down as far as reasonably practicable. Where possible you should replace the substance with a safer alternative, and if that isn’t feasible you must put in place control measures and fire‑mitigation steps, and ensure safe handling, storage and transport at all times.
Plan, implement and record fire safety arrangements
2 years imprisonmentYou must set up fire safety plans that fit the size and nature of your business, covering how you prevent and protect against fire. This includes organising, controlling, monitoring and regularly reviewing those measures, and you must keep a written record of the arrangements.
Plan, implement and record fire safety arrangements
You must set up and keep in place fire safety plans that suit the size and activities of your business. This includes organising, controlling, monitoring and regularly reviewing preventive and protective measures, and writing down what you have done. The records prove you have a proper fire safety system in place.
Prevent fire‑safety breaches that could harm employees
If your business fails to meet the fire‑safety duties set out in the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order, an employee who is injured as a result can sue you in civil court for damages. In practice this means you must keep fire safety measures up to date and ensure they protect your staff.
Provide appropriate fire‑fighting equipment and appoint competent staff
2 years imprisonmentYou must make sure your premises have suitable fire‑fighting appliances, detectors and alarms, and that any manual equipment is easy to reach and clearly sign‑posted. You also need to appoint people who are competent to use the equipment, give them adequate training and ensure they have the right tools. Finally, arrange contact details with the fire service and other emergency responders.
Provide emergency info, warnings and escape routes for dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf your business stores or uses dangerous substances, you must have clear emergency information, warning systems and escape routes in place. You need to share this information with the fire service, display it on site (unless a risk assessment says it isn’t needed), and ensure only essential, protected staff enter an area affected by a fire involving those substances.
Provide emergency plans and controls for dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf you store or use dangerous substances on your premises, you must have up‑to‑date emergency information and procedures in place. This includes warning systems, evacuation routes, escape facilities and making the details available to staff, contractors and the fire/ambulance services. The aim is to protect people and enable a quick, safe response if an incident occurs.
Provide fire‑fighting equipment, detection and competent persons
2 years imprisonmentYou must make sure your premises have appropriate fire‑fighting equipment and fire alarms that match the size, use and any hazards present. Any non‑automatic extinguishers must be easy to reach, simple to use and clearly signed. You also need to appoint suitably trained people to implement fire‑fighting measures and keep contact details for the fire service.
Provide fire‑fighting equipment, detection and competent staff
2 years imprisonmentYou must fit your premises with suitable fire‑fighting equipment and fire detectors, make sure any manual equipment is easy to reach and clearly signed, and appoint people who are trained to use it. You also need to keep the equipment maintained, give those staff the right training and keep contact details for the fire brigade and other emergency services.
Provide fire‑risk information to external contractors and their employers
2 years imprisonmentIf people from another company work on your premises, you must give their employer clear information about any fire risks and the steps you’re taking to control them. You also need to give those workers (who are not your employees) direct instructions and tell them who to contact in an evacuation. This must be done for the whole time they are on site.
Provide fire‑risk information to outside employers and self‑employed workers
2 years imprisonmentIf you have staff from another company or self‑employed people working on your premises, you must give their employer (or the worker themselves) clear information about any fire risks they face, the measures you have put in place, and who they should contact in an evacuation. This information has to be provided before they start work and kept up‑to‑date while they are on site.
Provide fire safety information to domestic residents
2 years imprisonmentIf your building contains two or more separate homes, you must give the people living there clear, easy‑to‑understand information about fire risks, what is being done to prevent them, and who to contact. You also need to keep a record of the information you have provided.
Provide fire safety information to domestic residents
If your building contains two or more separate homes, you must give each resident clear information about fire risks, safety measures, who to contact and any other fire‑related details. You also need to keep a record of what information you have provided.
Provide fire‑safety information to employees (and child workers’ parents)
2 years imprisonmentYou must give all your staff clear, easy‑to‑understand information about any fire‑related risks identified in your risk assessment, the measures in place to prevent or protect against those risks, the fire‑safety procedures, who is responsible for fire safety and any risks that have been formally reported to you. If you employ a child you must also give the child’s parent the same information before they start. When hazardous substances are present you must also supply details of the substance, the safety data sheet and relevant legislation.
Provide fire safety information to external employers and workers
2 years imprisonmentAs the person responsible for fire safety on your premises, you must give any outside company's employer and their workers clear information about the fire risks they face and the preventive measures you have taken. You also need to tell the external employer how to identify the person you have nominated to run evacuation procedures for those workers, and ensure the workers know who that is.
Provide fire‑safety information to residents and keep records
2 years imprisonmentIf you are the responsible person for a building with two or more domestic units (e.g. a block of flats), you must give residents clear, relevant information about fire risks, safety measures, and who to contact. You also need to retain records of all this fire‑safety information.
Provide fire‑safety information to residents of multi‑dwelling buildings
If you are the person responsible for fire safety in a building with two or more flats, you must give each resident clear information about fire risks, the measures in place, and who to contact. You also need to keep records showing what information was provided.
Put in place and record fire safety arrangements
2 years imprisonmentYou must develop fire‑safety arrangements that are suitable for the size and activities of your business and then put them into practice. This includes planning, organising, controlling, monitoring and reviewing the preventive and protective measures. You also need to keep a written record of these arrangements.
Put in place emergency measures for dangerous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf your business stores or uses dangerous substances, you must have clear emergency information, warning and communication systems, and evacuation routes ready. You also need to share this information with the fire service and display it on site, and take immediate action to control any fire involving those substances, allowing only essential, protected staff to enter the area.
Take general fire precautions to keep premises safe
2 years imprisonmentYou must put in place fire safety measures that, as far as reasonably practicable, keep your employees and anyone else on your premises safe. This includes installing, maintaining and testing things like fire detection, alarms, escape routes and other precautions suited to the specific risks of your building.
Take reasonable fire precautions for employees and visitors
2 years imprisonmentYou must put in place fire safety measures that are reasonably practicable to keep your staff and anyone else on your premises safe from fire. This includes things like working fire alarms, clear escape routes, appropriate fire‑fighting equipment and regular fire drills. The duty applies to any person who controls the premises (often the employer, occupier or landlord).
Take reasonable fire precautions to protect employees and others
2 years imprisonmentYou must put fire safety measures in place that, as far as reasonably practicable, keep your staff and any other people on your premises safe from fire. This includes identifying fire risks, providing and maintaining suitable fire detection, escape routes, fire‑fighting equipment and ensuring they are kept in good working order.
Other requirements 1
Comply with all duties of the Fire Safety Order
If you run a business that has to follow the Fire Safety Order, you must keep up all its fire safety duties. If you fail and an employee is harmed, that employee can sue you for damages. So staying compliant isn't just best practice – it protects you from civil claims.
Payments and fees 4
Do not charge employees for fire‑safety costs
2 years imprisonmentAs an employer you must not make staff pay for any fire‑safety measures, training, equipment or services that are required by the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order. All costs incurred to meet the fire‑safety legal duties must be funded by your business, not deducted from wages or passed on to employees.
Do not charge employees for fire‑safety costs
2 years imprisonmentYou must not make any of your staff pay for fire‑safety measures, training, equipment, drills or any other cost that arises from meeting the Fire Safety Order. All expenses required to comply with the Order must be borne by the business, not deducted from wages or passed on to employees.
Do not charge employees for fire‑safety costs
2 years imprisonmentWhen you meet any fire‑safety requirement – for example providing fire extinguishers, training, alarms or evacuation plans – you must not make your staff pay for it or deduct the cost from their wages. The expense is entirely your business’s responsibility.
Do not charge employees for fire‑safety costs
2 years imprisonmentYou must not make any employee pay for work that is required by the Fire Safety Order – this includes training, fire‑risk assessments, fire‑extinguishers, alarms, evacuation drills and any other fire‑safety measures. All costs for complying with the Order have to be borne by the employer, not deducted from pay or otherwise charged to staff.
Offences and prohibitions 2
Fail to comply with fire‑safety duties or notices that put people at risk
2 years imprisonmentIf you are the ‘responsible person’ (e.g. the occupier, employer or owner) and you do not follow the fire‑safety duties in articles 8‑22B, 38, 24, an alteration notice, an enforcement notice or a prohibition notice, and that failure could cause death or serious injury, you commit a criminal offence. On conviction you can be fined – unlimited on indictment – and/or sent to prison for up to two years. The case can be tried either in the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.
Fail to meet fire safety duties that put people at risk
2 years imprisonmentIf you are a responsible person (or a person named in article 5(3)) and you do not follow any fire‑safety requirement or prohibition in articles 8‑22B, 38 or the regulations under article 24, and that failure could cause death or serious injury in a fire, you commit an offence. On conviction you can be fined (unlimited) and, if tried in the Crown Court, face up to two years’ imprisonment.
Record keeping 1
Keep records showing why extra fire‑safety measures were not practicable
2 years imprisonmentIf you are taken to court for not meeting a fire‑safety duty, you must be able to prove that doing more would not have been practicable or reasonably practicable. This means you need to retain evidence – such as risk assessments, feasibility studies or cost‑benefit analysis – that explains why you could not implement additional safety measures.
Training 12
Provide fire‑risk information to outside workers and their employers
2 years imprisonmentIf you are the fire‑safety responsible person for a premises, you must give clear, understandable information to any external employer (and to the workers they send) about fire risks, the measures you have taken and who to follow in an evacuation. This has to be done before the outside staff start work and kept up to date.
Provide fire safety information to employees and child workers
2 years imprisonmentYou must give your staff clear, easy‑to‑understand information about fire risks, how to prevent and protect against them, the fire safety procedures, who the appointed fire‑safety people are and any other risks that have been reported. If you have dangerous substances on site, you also need to supply details of those substances and safety data sheets. Before you hire a child, you must give the child’s parent the same fire‑safety information.
Provide fire safety information to employees (and child workers' parents)
2 years imprisonmentYou must give every employee clear, easy‑to‑understand information about the fire risks that affect them, what you are doing to prevent fires, the fire procedures you have in place, and who the designated fire safety persons are. If you employ a child, you must also give the child’s parent the same information before the child starts work. The information must be refreshed whenever your activities or the substances you use change.
Provide fire‑safety information to staff (and child employees)
2 years imprisonmentYou must give your workers clear, easy‑to‑understand information about fire risks, preventive measures and emergency procedures. If you hire a child, you also need to give their parent the same information before they start. Where hazardous substances are on site you must add details about those substances and safety data sheets.
Provide fire safety training for all employees
2 years imprisonmentYou must give fire‑safety training to every employee when they start work and again whenever their role, equipment, technology or way of working creates new or greater fire risks. The training must explain how to protect themselves and others, be updated for any new risks, be repeated where appropriate, match the level of risk identified, and be delivered during working hours.
Provide fire safety training for employees
2 years imprisonmentYou must give every employee fire‑safety training when they start work and again whenever their role, equipment, technology or way of working creates new or higher fire risks. The training must explain how to protect themselves and others, be repeated as needed, adapted to any new risks, delivered in a suitable way and during normal working hours.
Provide fire safety training for employees
2 years imprisonmentYou must give all your staff fire‑safety training when they start work and whenever their role, equipment, technology or way of working changes the fire risk. The training should cover what they must do to keep themselves and others safe, be refreshed regularly and be delivered during working hours.
Provide fire safety training to employees
2 years imprisonmentYou must give fire‑safety training to every employee when they start work and each time they face new or greater fire risks – for example if they change role, or new equipment, technology or work systems are introduced. The training must teach the right precautions, be refreshed regularly, reflect any new risks, be suitable to the level of risk and be delivered during working hours.
Take reasonable care and report safety concerns
2 years imprisonmentYour staff must look after their own safety and that of anyone who could be affected by their actions at work. They also have to help you meet the fire‑safety duties in this Order and must tell you straight away if they see a serious immediate danger or a shortcoming in your safety arrangements. As an employer you should make sure employees understand and can fulfil these duties.
Take reasonable care for safety and report hazards
Every employee must look after their own safety and that of anyone who could be affected by their actions at work. They must also cooperate with the employer on any fire‑safety duties and immediately tell the employer (or the person responsible for safety) about any serious or immediate danger or any shortcoming in the employer’s safety arrangements.
Take reasonable care for safety and report hazards
2 years imprisonmentYour staff must look after their own safety and that of anyone who could be affected by their actions at work. They also have to cooperate with you on any fire‑safety duties and must tell you straight away about anything that looks like an immediate danger or a shortfall in your safety arrangements. As an employer you should make sure every employee knows this duty.
Take reasonable care for safety and report serious dangers
2 years imprisonmentEvery employee must look after their own safety and that of others, cooperate with the employer on fire‑safety duties, and promptly tell a manager if they see a serious or immediate danger or a shortfall in the fire‑safety arrangements. As an employer you need to make sure staff are trained on this duty and have a clear way to raise such concerns.
Penalties for non-compliance
70 penalties under this legislation. 70 can result in imprisonment. 70 carry an unlimited fine.
Carry out and keep a fire risk assessment
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Carry out and keep updated fire risk assessments
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Carry out and keep up‑to‑date fire risk assessments
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Carry out and maintain fire risk assessments
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Carry out risk assessments and control dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Carry out risk assessments for dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Include required factors in risk assessments for dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Apply fire‑safety principles when implementing protective measures
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Apply fire‑safety principles when installing protective measures
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Base fire safety measures on the prescribed prevention principles
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Co‑operate and coordinate fire‑safety duties with other responsible persons
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Co‑operate with other fire‑safety responsible persons
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Co‑ordinate fire safety duties with other responsible persons
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Develop and keep records of fire safety arrangements
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Eliminate or reduce fire risk from dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Eliminate or reduce risks from dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Ensure emergency procedures for dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Ensure fire safety duties are complied with for your premises
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Ensure fire safety duties are complied with on your premises
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Ensure fire safety duties are met for premises you control
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Ensure general fire precautions for employees and others
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Equip premises with fire‑fighting gear, detectors and trained staff
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Keep emergency routes and exits clear and functional
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Keep emergency routes and exits clear and properly sign‑posted
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Keep emergency routes and exits clear and usable at all times
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Keep emergency routes and exits clear and usable at all times
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Maintain fire‑fighter protection equipment and systems
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Maintain fire‑fighter protection equipment and systems
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Maintain fire‑fighter protection equipment in good repair
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Maintain fire‑fighter protection measures
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Maintain fire safety equipment and facilities
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Maintain fire safety equipment and premises in good repair
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Maintain fire safety equipment and premises in good repair
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Maintain fire safety equipment and premises in good repair
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Manage and reduce risks from dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Plan, implement and record fire safety arrangements
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide appropriate fire‑fighting equipment and appoint competent staff
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide emergency info, warnings and escape routes for dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide emergency plans and controls for dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire‑fighting equipment, detection and competent persons
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire‑fighting equipment, detection and competent staff
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire‑risk information to external contractors and their employers
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire‑safety information to outside employers and workers
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire safety information to domestic residents
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire‑safety information to employees (and child workers’ parents)
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire safety information to external employers and workers
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire‑safety information to residents and keep records
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Put in place and record fire safety arrangements
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Put in place emergency measures for dangerous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Take general fire precautions to keep premises safe
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Take reasonable fire precautions for employees and visitors
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Take reasonable fire precautions to protect employees and others
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Do not charge employees for fire‑safety costs
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Do not charge employees for fire‑safety costs
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Do not charge employees for fire‑safety costs
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Do not charge employees for fire‑safety costs
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Fail to comply with fire‑safety duties or notices that put people at risk
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Fail to meet fire safety duties that put people at risk
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Keep records showing why extra fire‑safety measures were not practicable
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire‑risk information to outside workers and their employers
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire safety information to employees and child workers
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire safety information to employees (and child workers' parents)
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire‑safety information to staff (and child employees)
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire safety training for all employees
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire safety training for employees
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire safety training for employees
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide fire safety training to employees
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Take reasonable care and report safety concerns
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Take reasonable care for safety and report hazards
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Take reasonable care for safety and report serious dangers
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Practical guidance
Our guides explain how to comply with the requirements above.
Sector-Specific 19
Building control and Building Regulations approval
How to get Building Regulations approval for construction work - application types, competent person schemes, inspection process, and …
Host weddings and events on your farm
How to set up and run a farm wedding or event venue. Covers planning permission, licensing, fire safety, …
Healthcare premises and equipment requirements
CQC Regulation 15 premises and equipment requirements, radiation protection under IRR 2017, healthcare ventilation, medical gas systems, decontamination …
Annual retail compliance checklist
Quick annual compliance verification for established retailers. Covers consumer rights, pricing, age verification, data protection, Sunday trading, fire …
Building safety duties for designers
Your legal duties as a designer under the Building Safety Act 2022 when working on higher-risk buildings. Covers …
Healthcare provider annual compliance checklist
Annual checklist of recurring compliance obligations for CQC-registered healthcare providers covering registration, workforce, clinical governance, premises, data protection, …
Food and drink business licensing and compliance
Navigate the complete range of licences, registrations, certifications, and consents required for food and drink businesses across production, …
Commercial fishing licence and compliance
How to get a commercial fishing licence and comply with UK fishing regulations. Covers vessel licensing, quota allocation, …
Accommodation regulations for hotels, B&Bs, and short-term lets
Comprehensive guide to UK accommodation regulation covering tourist accommodation registration, short-term lets rules, fire safety for sleeping accommodation, …
Outdoor Learning and Forest School in Early Years
Requirements for outdoor learning and forest school provision in early years settings, including risk assessment, insurance, qualifications, and …
Health and safety for retail premises
Retail-specific health and safety obligations. Covers lone working, violence prevention, manual handling, display screen equipment, fire safety, first …
Set up camping or glamping on your farm
How to comply with planning permission, licensing, and safety requirements when offering camping or glamping on agricultural land. …
Health, safety and fire requirements for hospitality venues
Health and Safety at Work Act compliance, fire safety risk assessments, and fire safety certification for hospitality premises …
Meet Building Safety Act requirements for higher-risk buildings
How to comply with the Building Safety Act 2022 for higher-risk buildings (18m+ or 7+ storeys). Covers gateway …
Submit a Gateway 2 application to BSR
How to apply for Gateway 2 building control approval from the Building Safety Regulator before starting construction on …
Accessibility requirements for businesses
Legal obligations to make your business accessible to disabled people under the Equality Act 2010, including premises, websites, …
Holiday let safety requirements and compliance
Health and safety requirements for self-catering holiday accommodation. Covers fire safety, gas safety, electrical safety, legionella prevention, risk …
Register a higher-risk building with BSR
Step-by-step guide to registering a higher-risk building with the Building Safety Regulator. Covers who must register, information requirements, …
Premises and Fire Safety for Childcare Settings
Premises requirements and fire safety for childcare providers including EYFS space standards, fire risk assessment, fire drills, evacuation …
Compliance & Legal 18
Fire safety duties for Northern Ireland businesses
Your fire safety obligations as an appropriate person under the Fire and Rescue Services (Northern Ireland) Order 2006. …
Fire safety duties for Scottish businesses
Your fire safety obligations as a duty holder under the Fire (Scotland) Act 2005. Covers the shared responsibility …
Maintain fire safety equipment
How to maintain fire extinguishers, fire alarms, emergency lighting, and fire doors to comply with the law. Includes …
Fire door inspections and building safety duties
Your legal duties for fire door inspections and building safety under the Fire Safety Act 2021 and Fire …
Create fire safety communications for residents
How to meet your legal duty to provide fire safety information to residents under Regulation 9 of the …
Respond to fire safety enforcement action
What to do if you receive an enforcement notice, prohibition notice, or alterations notice from the fire and …
Fire safety requirements for high-rise residential buildings
Your legal duties under the Fire Safety (England) Regulations 2022 if you manage a high-rise residential building (18 …
Choose a competent fire risk assessor
How to select a qualified professional to conduct your fire risk assessment, or decide if you can do …
How to conduct a fire risk assessment
A step-by-step guide to conducting a fire risk assessment for your business premises. Covers who is responsible, the …
Fire safety guide for residential building managers
A practical guide for day-to-day building managers on fire safety duties in residential buildings. Covers your role as …
Identify the responsible person for fire safety in your building
How to determine who is legally responsible for fire safety under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005. …
Fire safety duties for landlords of residential properties
Your legal duties as a landlord to protect tenants from fire. Covers smoke and carbon monoxide alarms, HMO …
Comply with fire safety law as the responsible person
Your legal duties as a responsible person under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005. Covers fire risk …
Provide building information to your Fire and Rescue Service
How to meet your legal duty to provide building information to your Fire and Rescue Service if you …
External wall fire safety assessment - what you need to know
Your legal duties for assessing external wall fire safety in multi-occupied residential buildings. Covers Fire Safety Act 2021 …
Establish emergency procedures for your workplace
Your legal duties under MHSWR 1999 Regulations 8-9 to establish procedures for serious and imminent danger. Covers emergency …
Meet fire safety requirements for your business premises
How to comply with fire safety law for your business premises. Covers who is the responsible person, conducting …
Meet your workplace health and safety legal obligations
Understanding your fundamental health and safety duties under UK law. Covers key legislation including HASAWA 1974, risk assessment …
Premises & Operations 9
Passenger lift compliance for building owners
How to comply with lift safety requirements if you own or manage a building with passenger lifts. Covers …
Lighting requirements for business premises
Key lighting requirements for business premises, covering workplace lighting standards under the Workplace Regulations 1992, emergency lighting duties, …
Building services compliance: what you need to know
A strategic overview of building services compliance obligations for UK business premises. Explains what building services are, which …
Electrical installations and Part P compliance
Understanding Part P of the Building Regulations, BS 7671 (IET Wiring Regulations), notifiable versus non-notifiable electrical work, competent …
Meet building envelope thermal performance requirements
How to comply with Part L thermal performance requirements for walls, roofs, floors, and windows. Covers U-value targets …
Maintain your business premises
Essential maintenance requirements including fire safety, gas and electrical safety, and legionella risk management.
Gas safety compliance for commercial premises
How to meet your gas safety obligations in commercial premises. Covers annual gas safety checks, Gas Safe Register …
Building envelope compliance: what you need to know
Strategic overview of building envelope compliance obligations for property owners and developers in England. Covers the key regulations …
Getting building control approval
How to get building control approval for building work in England. Covers the two approval routes (Local Authority …
Sections and provisions
61 classified provisions from this legislation.
Duties 24
- Schedule 1 MATTERS TO BE CONSIDERED IN RISK ASSESSMENT IN RESPECT OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES The responsible person
- s.5 Duties under this Order the responsible person
- s.8 Duty to take general fire precautions
- s.9 Risk assessment such assessment
- s.10 Principles of prevention to be applied
- s.11 Fire safety arrangements
- s.12 Elimination or reduction of risks from dangerous substances conditions necessary pursuant
- s.13 Fire-fighting and fire detection the responsible person
- s.14 Emergency routes and exits person who may require
- s.16 Additional emergency measures in respect of dangerous substances the responsible person
- s.17 Maintenance
- s.19 Provision of information to employees
- s.20 Provision of information to employers and the self-employed from outside undertakings The responsible person
- s.21 Training new or changed risks
- s.22 Co-operation and co-ordination between responsible persons premises
- s.23 General duties of employees at work
- s.28 Exercise on behalf of fire inspectors etc. of their powers by officers of fire brigades
- s.38 Maintenance of measures provided for protection of fire-fighters the responsible person
- s.39 Civil liability for breach of statutory duty
- s.40 Duty not to charge employees for things done or provided
- ... and 4 more duties
Powers 7
Definitions 9
- s.2 Interpretation child the CLP Regulation dangerous substance
- s.3 Meaning of “responsible person” responsible person
- s.4 Meaning of “general fire precautions”
- s.25 Enforcing authorities enforcing authority construction site
- s.48 Service of notices etc. transmission
- s.49 Application to the Crown and to the Houses of Parliament
- s.52 Subordinate provisions
- Co-operation with accountable persons Co-operation with accountable persons accountable person higher-risk building residential unit
- Provision of information to new responsible person Provision of information to new responsible person Relevant fire safety information accountable person higher-risk building
Exemptions 11
- s.6 Application to premises
- s.7 Disapplication of certain provisions
- s.15 Procedures for serious and imminent danger and for danger areas
- s.18 Safety assistance
- s.33 Defence
- s.36 Determination of disputes by Secretary of State
- s.37 Fire-fighters' switches for luminous tube signs etc.
- s.43 Suspension of terms and conditions of licences dealing with same matters as this Order
- s.44 Suspension of byelaws dealing with same matters as this Order
- s.45 Duty to consult enforcing authority before passing plans
- s.47 Disapplication of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 in relation to general fire precautions