Technology & Digital Technology and digital platforms

Electronic Communications Code

Rights and obligations for communications network operators to install and maintain electronic communications apparatus on public and private land.

UK-wide
Guide summary

If you install or maintain internet or phone networks, you must apply for code operator status with Ofcom. Follow rules for accessing land, serve proper notices, and keep records of your equipment.

  • Apply to Ofcom for code operator status
  • Follow code rules for land access agreements
  • Serve correct notices to landowners
  • Keep records of all installed equipment
  • Comply with local planning requirements
  • Negotiate access fairly with landowners
  • Use Upper Tribunal if agreements fail
  • Maintain and upgrade equipment properly
On this page
UK-wide

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Who this applies to

Operators who have been granted code rights by Ofcom, including:

  • Fixed and mobile network operators
  • Internet service providers with own infrastructure
  • Fibre network providers
  • Infrastructure companies building shared networks

Code rights include

  • Installing apparatus on, under, or over land
  • Keeping, inspecting, maintaining, and upgrading apparatus
  • Carrying out works on land for or in connection with installation of apparatus
  • Entering land to inspect, maintain, adjust, alter, or remove apparatus

Requirements

Code operators must follow proper procedures when seeking to install apparatus, including serving proper notices and, if necessary, applying to the Upper Tribunal for rights where agreement cannot be reached with landowners.

  1. 1

    Apply for code operator status

    Apply to Ofcom for code operator status if deploying network infrastructure

  2. 2

    Follow code procedures

    Follow code procedures when negotiating wayleaves and access agreements

  3. 3

    Serve proper notices

    Serve proper notices under the Electronic Communications Code

  4. 4

    Maintain records

    Maintain records of all apparatus installed under code rights

  5. 5

    Comply with planning requirements

    Comply with planning requirements where applicable

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