UK Statutory Instrument 2002 United Kingdom

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH)

What this means for your business

7 obligations
5 penalties
5 can imprison
14 guides
Enforced by
HSE, NRW
Applies to
United Kingdom
On this page
7 compliance obligations, 14 practical guides across 3 topics
Read full text on legislation.gov.uk

What you must do

7 compliance obligations under this legislation — 5 can result in imprisonment.

Management duties 6

Ensure proper use and maintenance of control measures

If you provide any safety equipment, protective gear or other control measures, you must make sure they are used correctly. Your staff must also use the equipment properly, return it after use and tell you immediately if they spot any fault. This keeps the workplace safe and helps you meet your legal duties under COSHH.

Employer s.8 HSE when a control measure, protective device or facility is provided to employees

Maintain, test and record control measures and PPE

2 years imprisonment

If you provide any plant, equipment, ventilation, respirators or protective clothing to control hazardous substances, you must keep them in good working order, have them examined and tested at the right intervals, store and check PPE, replace anything defective and decontaminate contaminated items. You also need to keep clear records of all examinations, tests and repairs for at least five years.

Employer s.9 HSE

Monitor employee exposure to hazardous substances and keep records

2 years imprisonment

You must regularly check how much hazardous substance each worker is exposed to whenever your risk assessment says monitoring is needed, and again whenever anything changes that could affect exposure. You must keep records of those checks for the required retention periods, let employees see their own data, supply the records to the regulator on request, and notify the Executive immediately if you stop trading.

Employer s.10 HSE When the risk assessment shows monitoring is required to maintain control of …

Prepare and maintain emergency procedures for hazardous substances

If your business uses any substances that are hazardous to health, you must have written emergency plans, first‑aid facilities and regular safety drills ready to use when something goes wrong. You also need clear warning and communication systems, share the emergency information with internal or external rescue services, and display it where appropriate. In the event of an accident you must act immediately to contain the incident, limit who can enter the area, provide PPE and specialised equipment, and keep staff informed of what happened and how it will be fixed.

Employer s.13 HSE When hazardous substances are present in the workplace (unless a risk assessment …

Prevent or control employee exposure to hazardous substances

2 years imprisonment

If your business uses any substances that could harm health, you must either stop employees being exposed to them or, where that isn’t practical, put in place effective control measures. This means substituting safer substances where possible, using engineering controls, ventilation, safe storage and handling procedures, reducing the number of exposed workers, providing suitable PPE and hygiene facilities, and applying extra steps for carcinogens, mutagens or biological agents. All controls must keep exposure below legal limits and follow recognised good‑practice standards.

Employer s.7 HSE When substances hazardous to health are present in the workplace

Provide health surveillance and keep health records for exposed employees

2 years imprisonment

If any of your staff are likely to be exposed to substances that could harm their health, you must arrange appropriate health checks and keep detailed health records for them. These records must be kept for at least 40 years, be available to the employee on request, and be provided to the regulator when asked. You also need to act on any medical advice that says an employee should not or only should work under certain conditions.

Employer s.11 HSE when employees are or may be exposed to hazardous substances (as listed …

Training 1

Provide information, instruction and training on hazardous substances

2 years imprisonment

If any of your employees (or other people you engage) could be exposed to a substance that is hazardous to health, you must give them clear, adequate information, instruction and training. This includes details of the chemicals, the risks, safe work procedures, monitoring results, health‑surveillance summaries and any special rules for biological agents, and you must keep this information up‑to‑date and clearly label any unmarked containers or pipes.

Employer s.12 HSE When work may expose employees or other persons to a substance hazardous …

Penalties for non-compliance

5 penalties under this legislation. 5 can result in imprisonment. 5 carry an unlimited fine.

Prison risk

Maintain, test and record control measures and PPE

Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment

Either way s.9 Penalises: Maintain, test and record control measures and PPE
Prison risk

Monitor employee exposure to hazardous substances and keep records

Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment

Either way s.10 Penalises: Monitor employee exposure to hazardous substances and keep …
Prison risk

Prevent or control employee exposure to hazardous substances

Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment

Either way s.7 Penalises: Prevent or control employee exposure to hazardous substances
Prison risk

Provide health surveillance and keep health records for exposed employees

Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment

Either way s.11 Penalises: Provide health surveillance and keep health records for …
Prison risk

Provide information, instruction and training on hazardous substances

Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment

Either way s.12 Penalises: Provide information, instruction and training on hazardous substances

Practical guidance

Our guides explain how to comply with the requirements above.

Sector-Specific 8

Environmental compliance for construction sites

Your environmental obligations for construction sites including site waste management, environmental permits, dust control, and noise management.

Infection prevention and control for healthcare providers

How to meet infection prevention and control (IPC) requirements under the Health and Social Care Act 2008 Code …

Manage hazardous construction materials

How to comply with COSHH 2002 when working with cement, silica dust, solvents, lead paint, and wood dust …

Commercial kitchen safety: gas, ventilation, and legionella

Gas safety obligations, ventilation and extraction requirements, interlock systems, and legionella risk management for hospitality premises with commercial …

Accommodation regulations for hotels, B&Bs, and short-term lets

Comprehensive guide to UK accommodation regulation covering tourist accommodation registration, short-term lets rules, fire safety for sleeping accommodation, …

Construction materials compliance checklist

Quick-check list for construction contractors covering CE/UKCA product marking, COSHH assessments, silica dust exposure limits, timber due diligence, …

Select and fit test respiratory protective equipment (RPE)

How to select the right respiratory protective equipment for your workplace hazards and ensure it is properly fit …

Control respirable crystalline silica (RCS) dust in the workplace

How to identify and control silica dust exposure in your workplace. Covers COSHH assessment for RCS, the workplace …

Sections and provisions

23 classified provisions from this legislation.

Duties 7

  • s.7 Prevention or control of exposure to substances hazardous to health employer
  • s.8 Use of control measures etc. employee
  • s.9 Maintenance, examination and testing of control measures
  • s.10 Monitoring exposure at the workplace the employer
  • s.11 Health surveillance of his employees
  • s.12 Information, instruction and training for persons who may be exposed to substances hazardous to health Every employer
  • s.13 Arrangements to deal with accidents, incidents and emergencies substance hazardous

Definitions 4

  • Schedule 1 OTHER SUBSTANCES AND PROCESSES TO WHICH THE DEFINITION OF “CARCINOGEN” RELATES
  • Schedule 2 PROHIBITION OF CERTAIN SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES
  • s.19 Extension of meaning of “work”
  • Schedule 2A PRINCIPLES OF GOOD PRACTICE FOR THE CONTROL OF EXPOSURE TO SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH

Exemptions 5

  • s.3 Duties under these Regulations
  • s.5 Application of regulations 6 to 13
  • s.14 Provisions relating to certain fumigations
  • s.16 Exemptions relating to the Ministry of Defence etc.
  • s.21 Defence

Official guidance

Authoritative sources from regulators explaining this legislation.