Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH)
What this means for your business
- Applies to
- United Kingdom
- On this page
- 7 compliance obligations, 14 practical guides across 3 topics
What you must do
7 compliance obligations under this legislation — 5 can result in imprisonment.
Management duties 6
Ensure proper use and maintenance of control measures
If you provide any safety equipment, protective gear or other control measures, you must make sure they are used correctly. Your staff must also use the equipment properly, return it after use and tell you immediately if they spot any fault. This keeps the workplace safe and helps you meet your legal duties under COSHH.
Maintain, test and record control measures and PPE
2 years imprisonmentIf you provide any plant, equipment, ventilation, respirators or protective clothing to control hazardous substances, you must keep them in good working order, have them examined and tested at the right intervals, store and check PPE, replace anything defective and decontaminate contaminated items. You also need to keep clear records of all examinations, tests and repairs for at least five years.
Monitor employee exposure to hazardous substances and keep records
2 years imprisonmentYou must regularly check how much hazardous substance each worker is exposed to whenever your risk assessment says monitoring is needed, and again whenever anything changes that could affect exposure. You must keep records of those checks for the required retention periods, let employees see their own data, supply the records to the regulator on request, and notify the Executive immediately if you stop trading.
Prepare and maintain emergency procedures for hazardous substances
If your business uses any substances that are hazardous to health, you must have written emergency plans, first‑aid facilities and regular safety drills ready to use when something goes wrong. You also need clear warning and communication systems, share the emergency information with internal or external rescue services, and display it where appropriate. In the event of an accident you must act immediately to contain the incident, limit who can enter the area, provide PPE and specialised equipment, and keep staff informed of what happened and how it will be fixed.
Prevent or control employee exposure to hazardous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf your business uses any substances that could harm health, you must either stop employees being exposed to them or, where that isn’t practical, put in place effective control measures. This means substituting safer substances where possible, using engineering controls, ventilation, safe storage and handling procedures, reducing the number of exposed workers, providing suitable PPE and hygiene facilities, and applying extra steps for carcinogens, mutagens or biological agents. All controls must keep exposure below legal limits and follow recognised good‑practice standards.
Provide health surveillance and keep health records for exposed employees
2 years imprisonmentIf any of your staff are likely to be exposed to substances that could harm their health, you must arrange appropriate health checks and keep detailed health records for them. These records must be kept for at least 40 years, be available to the employee on request, and be provided to the regulator when asked. You also need to act on any medical advice that says an employee should not or only should work under certain conditions.
Training 1
Provide information, instruction and training on hazardous substances
2 years imprisonmentIf any of your employees (or other people you engage) could be exposed to a substance that is hazardous to health, you must give them clear, adequate information, instruction and training. This includes details of the chemicals, the risks, safe work procedures, monitoring results, health‑surveillance summaries and any special rules for biological agents, and you must keep this information up‑to‑date and clearly label any unmarked containers or pipes.
Penalties for non-compliance
5 penalties under this legislation. 5 can result in imprisonment. 5 carry an unlimited fine.
Maintain, test and record control measures and PPE
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Monitor employee exposure to hazardous substances and keep records
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Prevent or control employee exposure to hazardous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide health surveillance and keep health records for exposed employees
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Provide information, instruction and training on hazardous substances
Unlimited fine and/or 2 years imprisonment
Practical guidance
Our guides explain how to comply with the requirements above.
Sector-Specific 8
Environmental compliance for construction sites
Your environmental obligations for construction sites including site waste management, environmental permits, dust control, and noise management.
Infection prevention and control for healthcare providers
How to meet infection prevention and control (IPC) requirements under the Health and Social Care Act 2008 Code …
Manage hazardous construction materials
How to comply with COSHH 2002 when working with cement, silica dust, solvents, lead paint, and wood dust …
Commercial kitchen safety: gas, ventilation, and legionella
Gas safety obligations, ventilation and extraction requirements, interlock systems, and legionella risk management for hospitality premises with commercial …
Accommodation regulations for hotels, B&Bs, and short-term lets
Comprehensive guide to UK accommodation regulation covering tourist accommodation registration, short-term lets rules, fire safety for sleeping accommodation, …
Construction materials compliance checklist
Quick-check list for construction contractors covering CE/UKCA product marking, COSHH assessments, silica dust exposure limits, timber due diligence, …
Select and fit test respiratory protective equipment (RPE)
How to select the right respiratory protective equipment for your workplace hazards and ensure it is properly fit …
Control respirable crystalline silica (RCS) dust in the workplace
How to identify and control silica dust exposure in your workplace. Covers COSHH assessment for RCS, the workplace …
Compliance & Legal 5
COSHH - hazardous substances
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health - assessing and controlling workplace chemical and biological hazards.
Comply with COSHH regulations for hazardous substances
How to comply with the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002. Step-by-step guide to COSHH assessment, …
Manage legionella risk in water systems
How to identify and control legionella risk in workplace water systems. Covers your duties under ACOP L8, appointing …
Health surveillance at work
When health surveillance is legally required at work and how to set it up. Covers COSHH hazardous substances, …
Recognise and report occupational diseases
How to recognise the signs of occupational diseases, understand your duty to report them under RIDDOR, and maintain …
Sections and provisions
23 classified provisions from this legislation.
Duties 7
- s.7 Prevention or control of exposure to substances hazardous to health employer
- s.8 Use of control measures etc. employee
- s.9 Maintenance, examination and testing of control measures
- s.10 Monitoring exposure at the workplace the employer
- s.11 Health surveillance of his employees
- s.12 Information, instruction and training for persons who may be exposed to substances hazardous to health Every employer
- s.13 Arrangements to deal with accidents, incidents and emergencies substance hazardous
Definitions 4
- Schedule 1 OTHER SUBSTANCES AND PROCESSES TO WHICH THE DEFINITION OF “CARCINOGEN” RELATES
- Schedule 2 PROHIBITION OF CERTAIN SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES
- s.19 Extension of meaning of “work”
- Schedule 2A PRINCIPLES OF GOOD PRACTICE FOR THE CONTROL OF EXPOSURE TO SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH
Official guidance
Authoritative sources from regulators explaining this legislation.
- What is the problem? HSE Factsheet
- What is health surveillance? HSE Factsheet
- The problem: HSE Factsheet
- The problem: HSE Detailed Guidance
- The problem HSE Detailed Guidance
- Skin structure HSE Detailed Guidance
- Size of the problem HSE Factsheet
- Related content HSE Detailed Guidance
- Related content HSE Detailed Guidance
- Related content HSE Detailed Guidance