Guide
Offshore Wind Development Consent Orders (DCO)
Offshore wind projects over 100MW in English territorial waters require a Development Consent Order from the Secretary of State. Understand the specific thresholds, fees, timelines and 7-stage process for offshore wind NSIPs.
When you need a DCO for offshore wind
Offshore wind farms are classified as Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects (NSIPs) under the Planning Act 2008 if they exceed capacity thresholds. The DCO process provides all necessary consents for construction and operation in a single application.
Understanding the DCO process
The DCO examination process is rigorous and involves multiple stages of consultation, environmental assessment, and public scrutiny. Understanding these stages helps you plan timelines and resource requirements.
Alternative planning routes
The DCO route applies to larger offshore wind projects in England. Smaller projects and those in devolved nations follow different planning frameworks.
Key milestones and dependencies
The DCO process has critical dependencies:
- You must secure an Agreement for Lease from The Crown Estate before submitting your DCO application
- Evidence of grid connection progress (Gate 2 milestone) is required to demonstrate project deliverability
- Financial close typically requires DCO consent before investors commit funding
Plan for 3-4 years from pre-application to DCO decision, with a further 12-18 months to financial close.