UK Act of Parliament 2007 United Kingdom

Income Tax Act 2007

At a glance

Enforced by

HMRC

What's here

35 compliance obligations, 15 practical guides across 4 topics · 14 journeys

Penalty landscape

3 of 35 obligations carry an unlimited fine. 32 have no criminal penalty — flagged in the list below.

Who this Act binds

Business-side actors with duties under this Act, ranked by how often they appear.

  • Trader 17
  • Any Person 10
  • Director or Officer 4

Plus 4 non-business duties on Crown ministers, regulators, local authorities or tribunals — shown collapsed under each section below.

Step-by-step journeys using this legislation

Walkthroughs that take you from a real business situation to compliance.

Relevant guidance

Practical guides for businesses affected by this Act, ordered by how closely they engage with it.

Other Acts binding the same actors

For each actor bound by this Act, the other UK Acts that bind them most often. Useful for understanding the full compliance landscape facing each role.

Traders also bound by 219 other Acts (top 5 shown)
Any Person also bound by 749 other Acts (top 5 shown)
Directors and Officers also bound by 224 other Acts (top 5 shown)

What this Act requires

Sections that create concrete duties on businesses or carry penalties. Procedural and definitional sections are folded into the “Browse other sections” expander at the bottom of each group. Click any section title to read the source text on legislation.gov.uk.

Part 1 — Overview

No sections of this Part have been ingested yet.

Part 2 — Basic provisions

Browse 12 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement

Part 3 — Personal reliefs

Browse 11 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
s.055

Tax reduction under Chapter

s.055

Election to reduce personal allowance

s.057

Personal allowance linked to national minimum wage

Part 4 — Loss relief

s.116

Excess loss allocation to partners who are individuals

Amended 1 time
s.127

No relief for tax-generated agricultural expenses

Amended 2 times
s.127

Restriction of relief: cash basis

Amended 2 times
s.127

Excess loss allocation to partners who are individuals

Amended 2 times
Browse 14 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement

Part 5 — Enterprise investment scheme

s.157

Risk-to-capital condition

Amended 6 times
s.173

The maximum amount raised annually through risk finance investments requirement

Amended 3 times
s.180

The financial health requirement

Amended 3 times
  • Ensure your company meets the financial health requirement Trader
s.191

Meaning of “permanent establishment”

Amended 1 time
s.252

Knowledge-intensive company reaching turnover of £200,000

Amended 1 time
Browse 15 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement

Part 5A — Seed enterprise investment scheme

s.257

Risk-to-capital condition

Amended 4 times
s.257

Overview of Chapter

Amended 4 times
s.257

The spending of the money raised requirement

Amended 4 times
s.257

The no disqualifying arrangements requirement

Amended 4 times
s.257

Ceasing to meet trading requirement: administration etc

Amended 4 times
s.257

The issuing company to carry on the qualifying business activity

Amended 4 times
  • Ensure the issuing company carries out the qualifying business activity Trader
s.257

The financial health requirement

Amended 4 times
  • Ensure your company is not 'in difficulty' to qualify for tax relief Trader
s.257

The control and independence requirement

Amended 4 times
  • Maintain independence and control requirements for SEIS compliance Trader
s.257

The no partnerships requirement

Amended 4 times
  • Your company must not be a member of a partnership Trader
s.257

The amount raised through the SEIS

Amended 4 times
  • Limit SEIS fundraising to £250,000 over a three-year period Trader
s.257

Time for making claims for SEIS relief

Amended 4 times
s.257

Power to amend sections 257EC and 257ED

Amended 4 times
s.257

Call options

Amended 4 times
s.257

Value received: receipts of insignificant value

Amended 4 times
s.257

Meaning of “a receipt of insignificant value”

Amended 4 times
s.257

Receipts of value by and from connected persons etc

Amended 4 times
s.257

Appeals against section 257FR(3)(b) notices

Amended 4 times
s.257

Cases where assessments not to be made

Amended 4 times
s.257

Information to be provided by the issuing company etc

Amended 4 times
  • Notify HMRC if SEIS tax relief conditions are no longer met Trader
s.257

Power to require information in other cases

Amended 4 times
s.257

Identification of shares on a disposal

Amended 4 times
s.257

Continuity of SEIS relief where issuing company is acquired by new company

Amended 4 times
s.257

Carry over of obligations etc where SEIS relief attributed to new shares

Amended 4 times
s.257

Meaning of “new qualifying trade”

Amended 4 times
s.257

Meaning of “qualifying business activity”

Amended 4 times
s.257

Meaning of “disposal of shares”

Amended 4 times
s.257

Meaning of “issue of shares”

Amended 4 times
s.257

Minor definitions

Amended 4 times

Part 5B — Tax relief for social investments

s.257

Meaning of “ SI relief” and “social enterprise”

Amended 4 times
s.257

Meaning of “community benefit society”

Amended 4 times
s.257

Charities that are trusts

Amended 4 times
s.257

Accreditations: supplementary provisions

Amended 4 times
  • Comply with social impact contractor accreditation requirements Trader
s.257

Investment to be in new shares or new qualifying debt investments

Amended 4 times
s.257

The no pre-arranged exits requirements

Amended 4 times
  • Ensure no pre-arranged exit or asset disposal for SEIS/SITR investments Director or Officer
s.257

The no disqualifying arrangements requirement

Amended 4 times
s.257

Restrictions on being an employee, partner or paid director

Amended 4 times
s.257

The qualifying subsidiaries requirement

Amended 4 times
  • Ensure all subsidiaries are qualifying subsidiaries Director or Officer
s.257

The number of employees requirement

Amended 4 times
  • Keep employee numbers below 250 for social enterprise investment Director or Officer
s.257

The issue must be to raise money for chosen trade or preparing for it

Amended 4 times
s.257

Maximum amount where investment made in first 7 years

Amended 4 times
s.257

Section 257MNA: supplementary

Amended 4 times
s.257

Meaning of “qualifying trade”

Amended 4 times
s.257

Receipts of value by and from connected persons etc

Amended 4 times
s.257

Section 257QH: supplementary

Amended 4 times
s.257

Repayments etc of share capital to other persons

Amended 4 times
s.257

Insignificant payments ignored for the purposes of section 257QJ

Amended 4 times
s.257

Amount of repayments etc if there is more than one issue of shares

Amended 4 times
s.257

Single issue affecting more than one individual

Amended 4 times
s.257

Single issue treated as made partly in previous tax year

Amended 4 times
s.257

Repayment of authorised minimum within 12 months

Amended 4 times
s.257

Call options

Amended 4 times
s.257

Put options

Amended 4 times
  • Do not grant put options on Social Investment tax relief investments Any Person
s.257

Assessments for the withdrawal or reduction of SI relief

Amended 4 times
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • HMRC must adjust your tax through an assessment if tax relief is reduced Statutory regulator
s.257

Time limits for assessments

Amended 4 times
s.257

Information to be provided by the investor

Amended 4 times
  • Notify HMRC if your Social Investment tax relief needs to be reduced Any Person
s.257

Power to require information in other cases

Amended 4 times
s.257

Identification of investments on a disposal

Amended 4 times
s.257

Meaning of “control”

Amended 4 times

Part 6 — Venture capital trusts

s.286

The UK permanent establishment requirement

Amended 17 times
s.297

The number of employees requirement

Amended 8 times
  • Maintain employee headcounts within limits for tax-advantaged investment Trader
s.327

Follow-on funding

Amended 10 times
s.330

Powers to amend Chapters 3 and 4 by Treasury regulations

Amended 7 times
Browse 20 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement

Part 7 — Community investment tax relief

Browse 5 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement

Part 8 — Other reliefs

s.384

Restriction on relief where arrangements minimise risk to borrower

Amended 1 time
Browse 19 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement

Part 9A — Transactions in UK land

Browse 7 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
s.517

Overview of Part

s.517

Disposals of land in the United Kingdom

s.517

Disposals of property deriving its value from land in the United Kingdom

s.517

Profits and losses

s.517

Private residences

s.517

“Arrangement”

s.517

“Land” and related expressions

Part 10A — Alternative finance arrangements

Browse 6 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
s.564

Diminishing shared ownership arrangements : initial acquisition

s.564

Diminishing shared ownership arrangements: refinancing

s.564

Profit share agency arrangements

s.564

Investment bond arrangements

s.564

Purchase and resale arrangements where return in foreign currency

s.564

Treatment of bond-holder and bond-issuer

Part 11A — Leasing arrangements: finance leases and loans

s.614

Assessments and adjustments

Unlimited fine
Other duties (1) — Crown / regulator
  • HMRC must make assessments and adjustments to implement tax rules Statutory regulator
Browse 14 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
s.614

Accountancy rental earnings

s.614

Arrangements to which this Chapter applies

s.614

Current lessor taxed by reference to accountancy rental earnings

s.614

Reduction of taxable rent by cumulative rental excesses: introduction

s.614

Meaning of “accountancy rental excess” and “cumulative accountancy rental excess”

s.614

Reduction of taxable rent by the cumulative accountancy rental excess

s.614

Meaning of “normal rental excess” and “cumulative normal rental excess”

s.614

Reduction of taxable rent by the cumulative normal rental excess

s.614

Effect of disposals of leases: general

s.614

Effect of capital allowances: introduction

s.614

Capital allowances deductions: waste disposal and cemeteries

s.614

Contributors to capital expenditure

s.614

Time apportionment where periods of account do not coincide

s.614

Assets which represent the leased asset

Part 12A — Sale and lease-back etc

s.681

Hire-purchase agreements

  • Reduce taxable capital sums by your hire-purchase payments Any Person
Browse 13 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
s.681

Overview

s.681

Aggregation and apportionment of payments

s.681

Exclusion of service charges etc

s.681

Commercial rent: comparison with payments other than rent

s.681

Taxation of consideration

s.681

Relief for rent under new lease

s.681

Overview

s.681

Tax deduction not to exceed commercial rent

s.681

Long funding finance leases

s.681

Lease

s.681

Sum obtained in respect of interest

s.681

Sum obtained in respect of lessee's interest

s.681

Manner of apportionment

Part 13 — Tax avoidance

s.721

Section 721A: tainting

Amended 12 times
s.727

Transfers by closely-held companies

Amended 6 times
s.733

Recipients of onward gifts

Amended 7 times
s.733

Cases where settlor liable following onward gift

Amended 7 times
s.734

Reduction in amount charged: previous settlements charge

Amended 9 times
s.735

Transitionally protected income not to be taxed on remittance

Amended 7 times
s.735

Settlor liable in place of close family member

Amended 7 times
s.809

Application of Chapter

Amended 2 times
s.809

Partnership shares

Amended 2 times
s.809

Type 2 finance arrangement defined

Amended 2 times
s.809

Type 3 finance arrangement defined

Amended 2 times
s.809

Exceptions: relevant person

Amended 2 times
s.809

Power to make further exceptions

Amended 2 times
s.809

Assets

Amended 2 times
s.809

Loan or credit transaction defined

Amended 2 times
s.809

Application of Chapter

Amended 2 times
s.809

Meaning of “management fee” in section 809EZA

Amended 2 times
s.809

Meaning of “carried interest” in section 809EZB

Amended 2 times
s.809

Sums treated as “carried interest” for purposes of section 809EZB

Amended 2 times
s.809

Sums arising to connected company or unconnected person

Amended 2 times
s.809

Income-based carried interest: general rule

Amended 2 times
s.809

Part disposals

Amended 2 times
s.809

Funds of funds

Amended 2 times
s.809

Secondary funds

Amended 2 times
s.809

Carried interest which ceases to be conditionally exempt

Amended 2 times
s.809

“Loan to own” investments

Amended 2 times
s.809

Anti-avoidance

Amended 2 times
s.809

Interpretation of Chapter 5F

Amended 2 times
s.809

Section 809ZA: lease of plant and machinery and other property

Amended 2 times
s.809

Capital payment”, “relevant capital payment” etc

Amended 2 times
s.809

Relievable charity donations

Amended 2 times
s.809

Income tax charge where gift aid is withdrawn

Amended 2 times
s.809

Connected persons

Amended 2 times
Browse 23 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement

Part 14 — Income tax liability: miscellaneous rules

s.809

Claim for remittance basis by long-term UK resident: nomination of foreign income and gains to which section 809H(2) is to apply

Amended 2 times
s.809

Application of remittance basis without claim where unremitted foreign income and gains under £2,000

Amended 2 times
s.809

Qualifying accounts

Amended 2 times
s.809

Effect where 30-day deadline is met

Amended 2 times
s.809

Deemed income or gains not to be regarded as remitted before time when they are treated as arising or accruing

Amended 2 times
s.809

Condition A

Amended 2 times
s.809

Commercial trades

Amended 2 times
s.809

Income or gains treated as remitted following certain events

Amended 2 times
s.809

The appropriate mitigation steps

Amended 2 times
s.809

The grace period allowed for the appropriate mitigation steps

Amended 2 times
s.809

Retention of funds to meet CGT liabilities

Amended 2 times
s.809

Investments made from mixed funds

Amended 2 times
s.809

Consideration for certain services

Amended 2 times
s.809

Effect of disapplying section 809Y

Amended 2 times
s.809

Exception to section 809Y: compensation taken offshore or invested

Amended 2 times
s.809

Meaning of “the disposal proceeds”

Amended 2 times
s.835

Persons acting under alternative finance arrangements

Amended 2 times
s.835

The independent broker conditions

Amended 2 times
s.835

Investment managers: the 20% rule

Amended 2 times
s.835

Meaning of “qualifying period”, “relevant disregarded income” and “beneficial entitlement”

Amended 2 times
s.835

Application of 20% rule to collective investment schemes

Amended 2 times
s.835

Obligations and liabilities of UK representative

Unlimited fine Amended 2 times
  • UK representative shares tax obligations of non-UK residents Any Person
s.835

Exceptions: notices and information

Amended 2 times
s.835

Exceptions: criminal offences and penalties etc

Amended 2 times
s.838

Asbestos compensation settlements

Amended 1 time
Browse 10 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
s.828

Conditions to be met

s.828

Interpretation of Chapter

s.837

Application of Chapter

s.837

Relationship of Chapter with other income tax provisions

Part 15 — Deduction of income tax at source

Browse 27 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement
s.888

Interest distributions of certain open-ended investment companies

s.888

Interest on certain peer-to-peer lending

s.925

Creditor repos

s.925

Debtor repos

s.925

Actual payments ignored if section 925A ... applies

s.925

Cases where section 925D applies: non-standard repos

s.940

No appropriate bond or combination of bonds

s.943

Calculation of trustees' double tax relief pool

Part 16 — Income Tax Acts definitions etc

s.998

Meaning of “hire-purchase agreement”

Amended 1 time
Browse 2 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement

Part 17 — Definitions for purposes of Act and final provisions

Browse 2 other sections in this Part — procedural / definitional / commencement

Schedules

Browse 1 other Schedule — structural / supplementary

Other sections — not classified into a Part

These sections exist in the Act but the contents-of-Parts walker did not place them under a Part. Likely amendments or sections inserted out of the original Part structure.

Browse 3 other unclassified sections
s.614

Treatment of recipient of manufactured payment

s.719

Other definitions

Official guidance

Authoritative sources published by regulators or government explaining this legislation.

Enforcement and responsible bodies

The regulators that administer or enforce this legislation.

HM Revenue & Customs

Tax collection, customs duties, national insurance, tax credits, and enforcement of the National Minimum Wage. Regulates all UK businesses for tax compliance …

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