Manufacturing & Engineering

Manage solvents, inks and emissions in printing

If you use solvent-based inks, coatings and cleaning agents, printing carries duties beyond the factory floor: an air-emissions permit that controls volatile organic compounds, and your UK REACH duties on the hazardous substances in your inks and chemicals. This guide takes you through both.

UK-wide
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UK-wide

Solvent-based printing carries two duties on top of running a safe print works. First, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by solvent inks, coatings and cleaning agents are controlled by an air-emissions permit. Second, the hazardous substances in your inks and chemicals are subject to UK REACH. Both apply only if you use the substances they cover, so the first step is to work out whether they bite for your process.

A. Get your solvent-emission permit

If your printing uses solvent-based inks, coatings and cleaning agents above the regulatory threshold, the installation needs an air-emissions permit that controls VOC emissions — typically with emission limits, a solvent-management plan and monitoring. In England and Wales this is a Part B permit issued by your local authority under the Local Authority Pollution Prevention and Control (LAPPC) regime within the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2016 — the local authority, not the Environment Agency, regulates Part B installations. Equivalent air-pollution-control permitting applies in Scotland (SEPA) and Northern Ireland (district councils), so check the regime and regulator for your nation.

B. Meet your UK REACH duties on the substances in your inks

The substances in your inks, coatings and cleaning chemicals are subject to UK REACH. Depending on your role and tonnage you may need to register substances you manufacture or import, and you must comply with the Annex 17 restrictions on named hazardous substances — relevant to certain pigments, solvents and additives used in printing inks — and pass safety information down the supply chain. UK REACH is a Great Britain regime, with the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) as the UK REACH agency, supported by the Environment Agency on environmental matters. If you place goods on the Northern Ireland market, check the position separately — Northern Ireland follows EU REACH under the Windsor Framework, so the duties there can differ.

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    1. Check whether you need a solvent-emission permit

    Work out whether your use of solvent-based inks, coatings and cleaning agents crosses the threshold; if it does, apply for the Part B permit from your local authority (England and Wales) or the equivalent permit for your nation.

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    2. Put a solvent-management plan and VOC controls in place

    Meet your permit's emission limits, run the solvent-management plan and monitoring, and keep the records the permit requires.

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    3. Map your ink and chemical substances against UK REACH

    Identify what you must register, check the Annex 17 restrictions on the substances in your inks, and pass safety information down the supply chain. Check the NI position separately if you supply there.

What to do next

With your safe-print-works spine and your solvents, inks and emissions duties in place, confirm the whole picture with the printing business compliance checklist. If you are not sure which guides apply to you, start from the router.

Official sources

Authoritative environmental-permitting and chemicals guidance.

Textiles, clothing and leather manufacturer: compliance checklist

A verification checklist for makers of textiles, clothing and leather products (SIC divisions 13, 14 and 15). Use it to confirm that labelling, nightwear flammability, PPE conformity, general product safety, UK REACH restricted substances, CITES protected materials, environmental permits, trade effluent consent and animal by-products controls are all in place before a production run.

Chemical manufacturer: compliance checklist

A verification checklist for makers of chemicals and chemical products (SIC division 20). Use it to confirm that UK REACH registration, GB CLP classification and labelling, product authorisation, COMAH duties, environmental permits, DSEAR controls, explosives licensing and core workplace health-and-safety duties are all in place before a production run.

Which chemical regulations apply to your products and site

A reference guide for chemical manufacturers (SIC division 20) that routes you to the regimes that apply to your products and your site. It points you to UK REACH and GB CLP for substances and mixtures, product authorisation for biocides, plant protection products and cosmetics, COMAH and environmental permitting for major-hazard sites, and the explosives licensing regime.

Printing business: compliance checklist

Use this checklist to confirm your printing or media reproduction business (SIC division 18) meets its obligations. Work through the universal workplace and employment items every print works shares, then the solvents, inks and emissions items if you use solvent-based chemicals. If you answer no to any item, follow the linked guide before you proceed.